Background: Due to high increase in the population, there is sharp increase in the accidental, homicidal, suicidal and natural deaths. Objective: To evaluate and audit the frequency of death patterns in the city of Faisalabad. Study Design: It is a cross sectional study. Setting & Duration: Study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Faisalabad Medical University (FMU) Faisalabad for a period of one year i.e. 1st January, 2017 to 31st December, 2017. Methodology: The record of all unnatural deaths brought for medicolegal autopsies during the study period were examined in detail with special reference to the frequency of death patterns, manners & modalities of those cases. The data was entered in the predesigned performa & analysed by using SPSS. Results: Study revealed that frequency of unnatural death in Faisalabad is similar to those conducted in other cities, but higher rates may be due to the fact that Faisalabad is thickly populated & third largest city of Pakistan. Out of total 255 cases of unnatural deaths reported for medico-legal autopsies in FMU Faisalabad (80.40 %) were male and (19.6%) females. Accidental deaths occurred in (28.62%) cases, homicidal deaths involved (50.58%), suicide took the lives of (3.9%) cases and (2.7%) persons died of natural causes whereas manner of death remained undetermined in (14.11%) cases. Unnatural deaths were reported more frequently in the age group 20–29 years involving (24.70%) cases. Conclusion: Homicide is higher in this region and Firearm is the weapon of choice for assailants. This increasing death toll of homicide may be due to increase in frustration and intolerance in the society.
Objectives: To analyze the data regarding prevalence of homicidal deaths due to firearm. Study Design: Descriptive, Observational, Retrospective study. Setting: Postmortem unit of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: From January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2017. Material & Methods: After approval, data was obtained from the duplicate copies of autopsy reports kept at the postmortem unit of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. The data was then entered on a pre-designed Performa. Results: During the year 2017, 80 cases of firearm were autopsied at the postmortem unit of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, of which 78 were homicidal. Out of 78 cases autopsied, 67 (85.9%) were males & 11(14.1%) were females. The fatality rate was highest (46.2%) between 21-40 years whereas; the least affected age group was > 60 years (10.3%). Multiple body parts were mostly affected, the percentage being 47.4%. It is worth mentioning that out of 78 cases only one victim was shot by smooth bored weapon (1.3%) while rest of them were hit by Rifled weaponries (98.7%). Most of the demises occurred at crime scenes which were more common during Morning & Evening between the months of October to March. There is a significant association between cause of death with region of body affected in our study. Conclusion: Unfortunately, productive age group of our society is more exposed to gunshots with multiple regions enclosing vital organs of body are mostly inflicted.
Objectives: To ascertain the incidence of sexual violence in Faisalabad city and to analyze the data with respect to demographics, presentation and pattern of physical injuries and evidence collection from victims of sexual violence. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted on 93 alleged victims of sexual violence at the medico legal clinics in Allied hospital. DHQ hospital & Government General Hospital in Faisalabad city in year 2008. Results: 51.6% cases belonged to age group between 10-19 years and 63.45% were unmarried. In 59.1% cases the offender was previously known to the victim and in 31.18% cases two or more persons were involved in the act. There was more than 15 days delay of presentation to the hospital in 36.56% cases. In 13.98% cases non genital injuries and sign of struggle were present on the body of the victim while only 7.53% cases presented with genital injuries. In 80.64% cases the swabs sent to chemical examiner were positive for semen. Conclusions: The incidence of sexual violence is on the rise in Faisalabad city. Sexual violence was frequently seen in unmarried young females with late presentation due to social stigma. Sexual violence was associated with genital as well as non genital injuries. There should be clear guidelines regarding evidence collection and these should be disseminated and implemented nationally.
Exhumation is a procedure conducted by authorities in which a body or its remainsare retrieved from the ground or wherever they were buried either lawfully or in an illegal manner.Exhumation is considered a legal procedure which is carried out when foul play is suspectedafter death and it is necessary to find out the cause of death. Objectives: To determine theprevalence of exhumation in District Faisalabad along with identifying the factors hamperingthe results to establish cause of death. Study Design: Descriptive, observational, retrospectivestudy. Setting: Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faisalabad Medical University,Faisalabad. Period: Six years from January 2011 to December 2016. Methods: The data ofexhumations conducted in the Faisalabad district, was collected on a study proforma with thepermission of relevant authorities. Results: Total 87 cases of exhumation were studied with afrequency of 14.5 exhumations per year. Male to female ratio of 2:0.9 was found with 69% malesand 31% females. 78.16% cases belong to rural areas and 18.39% cases are from urban areas.Commonest age group was 20-29 year with (27.5%) cases. Cause of death was determinedonly in 18.39 % cases. In majority of cases (44.82%) time lapse between death & exhumationwas 1-3 months. Allegations made for conduction of exhumation was poisoning in majorityof cases (35.63%). Conclusion: Time lapse between burial & exhumation, advance stage ofputrefaction, improper allegations &lack of proper documentation leads to failure in achievingthe objective of exhumation.
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