Highlights d CHP1 regulates the major route of glycerolipid synthesis in mammals and invertebrates d CHP1 binds and activates GPAT4, the rate-limiting enzyme of ER glycerolipid synthesis d Activation of GPAT4 requires myristoylation of CHP1 d Loss of CHP1-GPAT4 complex leads to a dependency on peroxisomal lipid synthesis
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