The report benefited from useful inputs and feedbacks from World Bank colleagues, including Tekabe Ayalew Belay (Program Leader), Sereen Juma (Country Program Coordinator) and Bushra Binte Alam (Sr. Health Specialist). The authors particularly thank D.H.C Aturupane (Lead Economist); Xiaonan Cao (Senior Education Specialist) and Jason Allen Weaver (Senior Education Specialist) for their insightful review and thoughtful comments as peer reviewers.

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The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

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