Studies involving physical exercise are no longer performed only to evaluate the performance of athletes, but have become an important tool to understand how different forms of stress affect immunometabolism. The present study investigated the acute impact of a treadmill running test on different biomarkers, the acid-base system, glycemia/lactatemia, and the correlation between IL-12 and metabolism/performance. Ten male subjects participated in a cross-sectional study. The treadmill protocol was progressively increased until exhaustion. The IL-12 concentration was measured using the "Cytometric Bead Array" kit (CBA, BD Bioscience, USA) through flow cytometry, and the data were analyzed using FCAP Array software. The test had an average time of 13 minutes and 51 seconds and induced alterations in IL-12 concentration of 160%, lactate of 607%, blood glucose of 58%, blood pH of -3%, BE of -529%, bicarbonate of - 58%, and anion gap of 232%. It was observed that the lower the percentage variation in IL-12, the greater the phase to reach the anaerobic threshold (AT) in Km/h, and the time to reach this same threshold, and the opposite was also true, confirmed by the Spearman test. (-0.900 between IL-12 and the time to reach AT and -0.872 between IL-12 and the phase to reach AT). Other correlations were observed: between post-IL-12 and pre anion gap of 1.0, post-IL-12 and post chloride of 1.0, percentage change in IL-12 and post anion gap of 1.0 and percentage variation in IL-12 and post lactate of 0.943, pre-IL-12 and post anion gap of -1.0, post-IL-12 and pre LDH of -0.943, post-IL-12 and post LDH of -0.943, post-IL -12 and BE post of -9.943, post-IL-12 and post bicarbonate of -0.943, and post-IL-12 and post pH of -0.943. The AT was reached in 7:52 minutes, in the 14.9 km/h phase, with a heart rate of 163 beats per minute, an absolute power of 524 W, and an absolute VO2 of 3.12 l.min. A correlation between IL-12 and performance, metabolism, and blood acid-base balance is suggested. Furthermore, it is expected that approximately 15% of glycemia is formed by the CORI cycle, through the removal of lactate and reestablishment of glycemia, however, this estimate can be exceeded in athletes, according to the level of training.
Introduction: Maintaining oral health by preventing and motivating healthy habits (tooth brushing and flossing) is effective in preventing diseases in the oral cavity. It is speculated that oral health improves performance in athletes and reduces injuries. Objectives: Diagnose the oral health conditions of athletes; Treat oral lesions; Develop educational and motivational actions in the promotion and prevention of oral health. Methods: 14 athletes of both genders from the athletics modality were studied. They answered a questionnaire with objective questions about their knowledge of the interferences of oral changes in sports performance. Oral health indicators were also evaluated, such as Control Plaque Index (CPI), Bleeding Index (BI), and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI) at the beginning of the study. Then, dental treatments were performed according to the individual needs of each athlete, accompanied by lectures on prevention and motivation of healthy oral health habits. After six months, mouth indicators were reassessed. In all phases of the experiment, there was supervision by dental surgeons. Results: The collected data allow us to point out the significant reduction in oral health indexes. Athletes have no prior knowledge of the influence of oral health and sports. Another important point addressed in the study was the misuse of dental floss. Conclusion: We can make the following notes: 1) This is the first study using the athletics modality and involving both genders; 2) It was also observed that, all athletes had little knowledge about oral health and its relationship with performance; 3) The oral health indicators were reduced after oral health education actions through lectures on the prevention and motivation of healthy habits such as better brushing and the correct use of dental floss.
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