By understanding physiologic changes after injury, patients and care teams can work together to achieve goals and maximize sexual quality of life after the injury.
By understanding physiology and treatment options, patients and care teams can work together to achieve goals and maximize quality of life after injury.
Bladder outlet obstruction in females remains a poorly understood condition and is much rarer as compared to males. More difficult is the objective diagnosis of this condition. There is no general agreement on the Urodynamic parameters to define the condition with certainty. A number of conditions are involved particularly in urinary retention in females are not completely understood. Besides, external sphincter dysfunction and post surgical retentions add another group of conditions which are distinct from retentions seen in the males. This article takes a review of various aetiological factors of Bladder outlet obstruction in women. An attempt is made to standardise the Urodynamic parameters for use in females, based on our data and experimentation on the models of the bladder and urethra. This article also takes a review of uncommon conditions such as Fowler's syndrome which often complicate evaluation of this condition.
Approximately 10% of patients with Peyronie's disease require surgery for penile angulation or erectile failure severe enough to make coitus difficult or impossible. The results of three different operations performed on 200 patients over the period 1975 to 1984 have been reviewed. The results of plaque excision and dermal grafting in nine patients were disappointing and since 1977, Nesbit's procedure has been performed in 179 patients with excellent results in 53% and moderate results in 19%. Poor results (28%) were usually due to erectile failure and this was usually present pre-operatively. Such patients are better treated by the implantation of penile prostheses and excellent (8) or moderate (2) results were seen in 12 patients so treated. The number of patients with poor results after a Nesbit's procedure increased from 14% at 3 months to 28% at 36 months, but then remained fairly constant. Prolonged follow-up is therefore needed to allow valid conclusions about the ultimate outcome of surgery.
Approximately 10% of patients with Peyronie's disease require surgery for penile angulation or erectile failure severe enough to make coitus difficult or impossible. The results of three different operations performed on 200 patients over the period 1975 to 1984 have been reviewed. The results of plaque excision and dermal grafting in nine patients were disappointing and since 1977, Nesbit's procedure has been performed in 179 patients with excellent results in 53% and moderate results in 19%. Poor results (28%) were usually due to erectile failure and this was usually present pre-operatively. Such patients are better treated by the implantation of penile prostheses and excellent (8) or moderate (2) results were seen in 1 2 patients so treated. The number of patients with poor results after a Nesbit's procedure increased from 14% at 3 months to 28% at 36 months, but then remained fairly constant. Prolonged follow-up is therefore needed t o allow valid conclusions about the ultimate outcome of surgery
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