Background: Puerperal sepsis is a common pregnancy-related condition that could eventually lead to obstetric shock or sometimes death. In developing world, the puerperal sepsis is the second most cause of maternal mortality. Cases of Maternal mortality have not declined in spite of efforts by both the public and private sector to prevent such deaths.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 postpartum mothers who attended Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital (ISMCH) Bangladesh during August to December 2017. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the study participants and the data was collected using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire by face to face interview. The collected information was analysed using SPSS 22.0 version.Results: About 50.7% of the study participants were in the age group 19-29 years and the mean age of the study participants was 29.6±15.9 years. More than seven-tenths (73.3%) of the study participants were Muslims and the majority (24.7%) of the study participants had senior secondary certificate. Most of the study participants (62%) were living in urban area and only 18.7% were service holders. Only 39.3% of the respondents think that they have sufficient knowledge regarding prevention of puerperal sepsis and about 78% of the study participants mentioned that getting immediate medical care for any wounds or even seasonal diseases prevents puerperal sepsis. About 37.4% were disagreed to avoid sexual intercourse during last 2 months of pregnancy prevents puerperal sepsis and about 51.3% were agreed to avoid appearances in crowded and unhygienic places, this will prevent from catching respiratory diseases.Conclusions: The findings reported that most of the study participants had poor level of knowledge regarding prevention of puerperal sepsis. However, the study participants had satisfactory practice level about prevention of puerperal sepsis. It further reveals that educational level and age of the study participants was found statistically significant with knowledge about prevention of puerperal sepsis.
This article explains how a company manages its business to gain minimum inventory cost and reaches its business success by using Third Party Logistics. Applying Third Party Logistics the company may put its eyes on its production process and marketing smoothly. Thereby, the inventory cost might be reduced substantially. By applying this technique, mainly it can reduce the clerical cost, security staff cost and depreciation cost among the various costs mentioned in the paper subsequently. And to get the optimum level the party uses its few tools like database software. It also expresses a mathematical framework to understand the performance of the company and put the arguments that inventory cost minimization method is an approach that helps it to be competitive and successful in the business arena. To establish a new model in this paper, Probabilistic Continuous Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Model is used as a baseline.
Nowadays, more and more consumers consider environmentally friendly products in their purchasing decisions. Companies need to adapt to these changes while paying attention to standard business systems such as payment terms. The purpose of this study is to optimize the entire profit function of a retailer and to find the optimal selling price and replenishment cycle when the demand rate depends on the price and carbon emission reduction level. This study investigates an economic order quantity model that has a demand function with a positive impact of carbon emission reduction besides the selling price. In this model, the supplier requests payment in advance on the purchased cost while offering a discount according to the payment in the advanced decision. Three different types of payment-in-advance cases are applied: (1) payment in advance with equal numbers of instalments, (2) payment in advance with a single instalment, and (3) the absence of payment in advance. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis illustrate the proposed model. Here, the total profit increases for all three cases with higher values of carbon emission reduction level. Further, the study finds that the profit becomes maximum for case 2, whereas the selling price and cycle length become minimum. This study considers the sustainable inventory model with payment-in-advance settings when the demand rate depends on the price and carbon emission reduction level. From the literature review, no researcher has undergone this kind of study in the authors’ knowledge.
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A fluid dynamic traffic flow model based on a non-linear velocity-density function is considered. The model provides a quasi-linear first order hyperbolic partial differential equation which is appended with initial and boundary data and turns out an initial boundary value problem (IBVP). A first order explicit finite difference scheme of the IBVP known as Lax-Friedrich's scheme for our model is presented and a well-posedness and stability condition of the scheme is established. The numerical scheme is implemented in order to perform the numerical features of error estimation and rate of convergence. Fundamental diagram, density, velocity and flux profiles are presented.
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