Due to the wide variety of drilling and cementing conditions, different grades of cements for different conditions need to be produced by factories. Nowadays, with the development of test methods and techniques, additional materials and substances, the trend has been to focus on some basic cement (base), which, with various additional substances or materials, can be modified according to the conditions of use. According to the technology adopted in Schlumberger, two portions of cement slurry are mainly used for the entire length of the annulus “lead” and “tail” i.e. literally the “leader” (the first portion) and the “tail’ (the second, last portion). Of course, the treatment of these portions with chemical reagents is different, and the first portion is several times larger in volume than the second portion. It is known that as a result of unsuccessful cementing, a gas-water-oil show may appear, leading to the removal of casing strings, fire, etc. As a result, this leads to the abandonment of the well. There is a time difference between the mixing of the first and subsequent portions of dry cement, especially the last ones, since while the subsequent portions of dry cement are just being mixed, the freshest ones have not yet been mixed at all, but the first portions are already finished; this portion of cement slurry in the well gradually begins to thicken under the influence of temperature and pressure. An effective reagent is needed. The optimal composition of the combined reagent should be considered as follows: CMC – 0.2%; FLS – 0.4%; Na2CO3 – 0.05%.
The article discusses the issue of pushing water to the surface by injecting gas into the dome of a water pressure system. The layer is completely filled with liquid. This requires the creation of underground gas storages in the central upper part of the water pressure system. For this purpose, the water must be pressurized from the drilled and unloaded wells. A sequential approximation method is used to solve the problem, and formation of the reservoir occurs due to the compression of the fluid through the operating wells. Fluids and gases that enrich the water pressure system, field system and parameters are known. The boundaries of the latter are the contours of the pressure and the flow. Over time, the water pressure in the reservoir has been determined by changing the sum of the volume of the cavity at the edge of the reservoir, the capacity of the created gas and the amount of injected gas. Under the conditions considered, the movement of water in the areas bounded by the contour of the discharge and flow can be considered as radial. Since this area is not very large, the elasticity of the water and the porosity of the reservoir can be ignored. This issue can be considered as the filtration of incompressible fluid in a non-deformable bed. With a relatively small change in flow rate due to the constant pressure in the discharge circuit, the water compressed by the gas flows freely through the wellhead of the discharge well.
An analysis of numerous well data from the Karabagly and Kursangi monocline regions in Azerbaijan showed that the main reasons of natural curvature are structural and geological conditions of wells. In contrast to a number of fields where wells are naturally bent in only one direction under the combination of geological, technical and technological factors, there are three other directions in the areas of the Karabagly and Kursangi monocline. It is suggested that according to the proposed technology, drilling intervals are minimized by an assembly with a crooked sub, and the technical and economic parameters of drilling are improved. With an increase in the content of alkaline reagents in the drilling fluid, despite a significant decrease in the absolute value of fluid loss, the likelihood of complications increases. One of the main requirements for maintaining the integrity and stability of the wellbore is the prevention of filtration. This condition imposes a certain limitation on the amount of fluid loss in drilling fluids. In drilling practice, it is necessary to strive not only to minimize the fluid loss of flushing fluids, but also to the qualitative and quantitative evaluate various additives that slow down their physical and chemical impact on the rocks forming the walls of the well.
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