No abstract

Background AIDS as a human crisis may lead to devastating psychological trauma and stress for patients. Therefore, it is necessary to study different aspects of their lives for better support and care. Accordingly, this study aimed to explain the lived experience of HIV-infected patients in the face of a positive diagnosis of the disease. Methods This qualitative study is a descriptive phenomenological study. Sampling was done purposefully and participants were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was conducted, using semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using Colaizzi’s method. Results 12 AIDS patients participated in this study. As a result of data analysis, 5 main themes and 12 sub-themes were identified, which include: emotional shock (loathing, motivation of social isolation), the fear of the consequences (fear of the death, fear of loneliness, fear of disgrace), the feeling of the guilt (feeling of regret, feeling guilty, feeling of conscience-stricken), the discouragement (suicidal ideation, disappointment), and the escape from reality (denial, trying to hide). Conclusion The results of this study showed that patients will experience unpleasant phenomenon in the face of the positive diagnosis of the disease and will be subjected to severe psychological pressures that require attention and support of medical and laboratory centers.

Aim The aim of the study was to determine the effect of self-care training and informational support of patients with a mechanical heart valve on the international normalized ratio (INR) and bleeding complications. Material and methods Design: A quasi-experimental study. Participants were recruited via convenience sampling and were randomly divided into two groups: control ( n = 80) and intervention ( n = 80). Participants in the control group received only routine training; in addition, the intervention group received 6 sessions of self-care training and 6 months of informational support. Monthly the level of INR and incidence of bleeding were determined. Data were analyzed using the independent t -test and χ 2 in SPSS16 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results During 6 months of follow-up, except for the third month, the frequency of INR levels in the therapeutic target range (2.5–3.5) in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( p < 0.05). Also in the intervention group, the incidence of bleeding complications was lower than that in the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant ( p > 0.05). Conclusions Proper self-care training and informational support in patients with mechanical heart valve replacement have positive results. By maintaining self-care, the level of a therapeutic target range of INR can be maintained and the incidence of bleeding complications can be reduced.

INTRODUCTION Cesarean section (C-section) is one of the most prevalent surgeries among women. The preoperative stages in the surgery day and lack of control over being in an unfamiliar situation and feeling danger cause anxiety, and consequently, instability in patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of familiarization with preoperative nursing care on anxiety and vital signs of patients in cesarean section. METHODS This randomized controlled trial study was performed on 80 pregnant candidates for C-section in Hamadan Fatemieh Hospital, Iran, in 2020. Patients were randomly divided into control (n=40) and intervention (n=40) groups. The control group just received the routine intervention of the hospital, but the intervention group, in addition, received the two familiarizing sessions with preoperative nursing care. Data were collected via vital signs sheet and Spielberger situational anxiety questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS16 software at a significance level of p=0.05. RESULTS Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the mean anxiety scores of the control and intervention groups, and the two groups were homogeneous (p=0.396). However, after the intervention, the mean anxiety of the intervention group decreased significantly (p=0.001) and increased in the control group (p=0.600); and the mean post-test of the two groups showed a significant difference (p=0.001). After the intervention, the mean heart rate, respiration rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group decreased significantly (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the control group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this study we conclude that familiarity with preoperative care reduces the level of anxiety and stabilized the level of vital signs parameters.

Objective. The purpose of this study was to provideappropriate preoperative supportive conditions to improveanxiety and vital signs for patients undergoing CoronaryArtery Bypass Grafting -CABG- surgery. Methods. This clinical trial study was performed on 90 patients undergoingCABG surgery in Farshchian Hospital of Hamadan, Iranin 2019. Sample was selected by convenience and wererandomly divided into three groups: control (n=30),intervention1 (n=30), and intervention2 (n=30). Thecontrol group received only the routine preoperativecounseling of ward and admitted to the operating roomas usual; the intervention1 and intervention2 groups inaddition received another two counseling sessions, thenthe intervention1 group was admitted in the operating room as usual, but the intervention2 group was admitted by the counselor in the operatingroom. Data were collected using a three-part questionnaire including demographiccharacteristics, vital signs chart, and the Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the meananxiety of the three groups after admission in the operating room (intervention2 waslower than intervention1 and control groups, p<0.001; and intervention 1 groupwas lower than control group, p<0.001) and also there was a significant differencebetween the mean systolic blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate of thethree groups (p<0.001) but the mean of the variables of temperature and diastolicblood pressure in the three groups were not significantly different (p=0.59 andp=0.225, respectively). Conclusion. Our results revealed preoperative consultationand admission in the operating room by the consultant can reduce the level ofanxiety and stability of vital signs of patients undergoing CABG.

Background: For patients with heart valve replacement, self-management can play an important role in controlling the patient's condition, therefore, the purpose of this review was to identify the aspects of self-management and its clinical outcomes in patients with heart valve replacement. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed research literature focused on self-management in patients with heart valve replacement. The databases of PubMed, Scopus, and web of science were searched until May 2020 free from time and language limitation. Al documents were assessed for eligible articles by title or abstract according to the search strategy.The screening process of articles was conducted by two independent authors. The selected articles were checked regarding to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Finally, 25 studies were considered in this systematic review. Self-management of these patients has prerequisites and requires appropriate training. Self-management in these patients is applicable in the aspects of Anticoagulation therapy self-management, INR self-testing, Low-dose INR Self-management, and Heart valve function self-monitoring. In this method, with better control of INR levels and Anticoagulation therapy, the incidence of complications will be reduced and patients will be able to diagnose functional disorders in the early stages by monitoring the function of valve, which will prevent the progression of complications. Conclusion: The results of this review clearing that self-management is applicable in the aspects of Anticoagulation therapy, INR control, low dose INR management, and monitoring of cardiac valve function and by improving care standards, it will improve the quality of treatment for these patients.

Background and Objectives: Paying attention to human resources is one of the basic principles for increasing productivity and quality of services in hospitals. Therefore, the present study was designed to compare the level of job satisfaction and job stress, and the association between these two components in nurses, operating room, and anesthesia staff.Methods: This is a descriptive causal-comparative study, performed in December 2019 in Zabol hospitals with the participation of 175 nurses, operating room, and anesthesia staff. A three-part questionnaire consisting of demographic information, job satisfaction, and job stress was used to collect data. Then analysis of data was performed using SPSS 20 and the Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and ANOVA. Results:In this study, it was found that nursing group had the highest job satisfaction and anesthesia and operating room staff had the lower job satisfaction. Also, the highest and lowest levels of job stress were related to anesthesiologists and nurses, respectively, and the differences in both variables were significant between the three groups. Moreover, the results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between job satisfaction and job stress, totally. Conclusion:Due to that anesthesia staff was in a more unfavorable situation than others. We recommend that management planning and policies in hospitals be done by occupational groups and design and carry out the studies to assess the needs for each group.

No abstract