We successfully developed a microneedle patch system integrated with H2O2-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the glucose-monitored transdermal delivery of insulin.

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Three different treatment technologies, namely mono-algae culture, algal-bacterial culture, and algal-fungal culture, were applied to remove pollutants form synthetic domestic sewage and to remove CO2 from biogas in a photobioreactor. The effects of different initial influent C/N ratios on microalgal growth rates and pollutants removal efficiencies by the three microalgal cultures were investigated. The best biogas upgrading and synthetic domestic sewage pollutants removal effect was achieved in the algal-fungal system at the influent C/N ratio of 5:1. At the influent C/N ratio of 5:1, the algal-fungal system achieved the highest mean chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 81.92% and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency of 81.52%, respectively, while the algal-bacterial system demonstrated the highest mean total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of 82.28%. The average CH4 concentration in upgraded biogas and the removal efficiencies of COD, TN, and TP were 93.25 ± 3.84% (v/v), 80.23 ± 3.92%, 75.85 ± 6.61%, and 78.41 ± 3.98%, respectively. These results will provide a reference for wastewater purification ad biogas upgrading with microalgae based technology.

In this work, a cooperative algal-bacterial system that efficiently upgrade biogas, simultaneously reduce the biogas slurry nutrient, and exhibits high biomass productivity, was developed. The method about removing H2S and CO2 from biogas by three microalgal strains (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Neochloris oleoabundans) mixed with activated sludge using biogas slurry as nutrient medium. A CO2 concentration of 45% (v/v) was considered optimum to support CO2 and H2S removals of 74.11%-80.57% and 99.04%-99.42%, respectively. At the CO2 concentration of 45%-55%, the mixed culture containing S. obliquus and C. vulgaris efficiently removed COD and TP, respectively. The mixed culture containing S. obliquus demonstrated high N removal efficiency at CO2 concentration of 45%. Biomass productivity increased at increasing CO2 concentration in a certain range, with a maximum of 0.177 g L −1 d −1 at CO2 concentration of 45% (v/v) for the mixed culture containing S. obliquus, whereas the C, N, and P biomass contents remained constant at 46.73%-52.31%, 7.59%-9.08%, and 0.91%-1.08%, respectively. This study showed the potential of the combination of alga and bacteria to serve as a treatment for nutrient removal and biogas upgrading in algal-bacterial processes.