Acidic soils account for approximately 50% of the world's potentially arable lands but significantly limit crop production (Kochian, Hoekenga, & Piñeros, 2004). Many crops grow poorly in acid soils because of acid soil syndrome, which consists of multiple stress factors, including phytotoxicity to excess ions such as aluminum (Al 3+), protons (H +), and manganese (Mn 2+), and/or deficiencies of essential minerals such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P) (Kochian et al., 2004). In particular, Al 3+ stress causes inhibition of nutrient uptake or transport (Lee & Pritchard, 1984; Mariano & Keltjens, 2005) and suppression of root growth (Kinraide, 2003); therefore, Al 3+ rhizotoxicity is an important factor limiting plant productivity. In addition, excess Al 3+ and H + compete with other cations for apoplastic binding sites (Horst, Wang, &
A new geranylated aromatic compound, 5-[(2′E)-3′,7′-dimethyl-2′,6′-octadienyl]-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1-isoindolinone (1), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Hericium erinaceum (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. (Hericiaceae) together with three known sterols, 5,6-epoxy-(22E)-ergosta-8(14),22-diene-3,7-diol (2), (22E)-ergosta-7,9(11),22-triene-3,5,6-triol (3) and (22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3,5,6,9-tetrol (4). The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectral data.
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