This is a report on the electrochemical and optical properties of a new type of linked system of ferrocene (Fc) and viologen (V 2+ ) units, Fc-(CH 2 ) 4 -V 2+ -R (Fc-V 2+ ). The cyclic voltammogram and absorption spectra have revealed that Fc and V 2+ units are little effected by the nonconjugated bridge, -(CH 2 ) 4 -, since differences in electrochemical and optical properties between linked and nonlinked Fc and V 2+ systems are not observed, in that both systems have similar redox and absorption characteristics. The linked Fc-V 2+ system, however, showed higher UV resistance. Using Fc-V 2+ dye and a polymeric solid electrolyte (PSE), we succeeded in fabricating a large-area quasi-solid-state electrochromic cell (EC cell). This cell has shown excellent homogeneous coloration, and its EC properties can be explained in a simple graphical way based on the diffusion of redox species Fc-V •+ and Fc + -V 2+ . Further, the EC cell fabricated with Fc-V 2+ has shown excellent durability and was shown to be well-suited for all outdoor applications.
Methylcyclohexane (MCH) is regarded as a promising hydrogen carrier that enables hydrogen to be harnessed as an alternate fuel source, which paves the way to a clean-energy future. A photoelectrochemical (PEC) system with a Nb:SrTiO3 photoelectrode for oxygen evolution from an aqueous electrolyte and a Pt/C electrode for toluene (TL) hydrogenation to MCH was investigated under UV irradiation. A Nb:SrTiO3 single-crystal electrode and an ionomer/Pt/C membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) were used as the photoanode and cathode, respectively. A steady-state current density of 0.12 mA cm(-2) was observed for the two-electrode system without any bias voltage for >2 h, and a Faradaic efficiency of 97% was obtained for MCH production from TL. This is the first demonstration of the production of MCH from TL and water using only light energy. This means that light energy was converted directly into MCH from TL and water without any electricity. The PEC properties of the devices are discussed.
Controlling particle-particle interactions is a major challenge in achieving the programmable assembly of nanoparticles, which shows great potential for device fabrication and detection systems. We present here a simple chemical method that allows the formation of Pd nanoparticle assemblies using a tetrakis(terpyridine) linker with a rigid tetrahedral core.
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