Background:Considered the increasing rate of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and a positive relationship between prevalence of CVDs and obesity, the goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of green tea supplement and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on lipid panel, fibrinogen, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in overweight women.Materials and Methods:In this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, 30 overweight women (age range, 20–30 years), were chosen purposefully and randomly divided into three equal groups (green tea, HIIT + green tea, and HIIT + placebo), and they trained HIIT workouts for 10 weeks (40-m maximal shuttle run) and used 500 mg/daily green tea or placebo tablets. Serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and plasma level of fibrinogen were assessed before and after the intervention in fasting state. To test the hypothesis of the research, Paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, analysis of covariance, and Tukey's post hoc tests were used at the significance level of P ≤ 0.05.Results:After 10 weeks, TG, LDL, weight, fibrinogen, and body fat percentage decreased in all groups (P ≤ 0.05). Further, HDL (P = 0.012) and VO2max (P = 0.007) significantly increased in HIIT + green tea and HIIT + placebo groups; while in the green tea group, HDL (P = 0.06) and VO2max (P = 0.06) showed no significant difference for within group differences. Average between-group variations of all indicators were statistically significant, and they were more meaningfully pronounced in HIIT + green tea group than the other two groups (P ≤ 0.05).Conclusion:Based on the findings, the combination of HIIT and green tea consumption significantly leads to a reduction in weight, body fat percentage, fibrinogen, TG, and LDL while improves VO2max and HDL levels rather than green tea consumption or performing training alone, in overweight women. However, it seems that exercise training has a vital role in the improvement of mentioned variables according to percentage changes.

Background:Most of the cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by doing regular physical exercises and using herbal supplements. The present study is aimed at assessing ginger supplement and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on inflammatory indices contributing to atherosclerosis in overweight women.Materials and Methods:The present study is a randomized, experimental, and controlled one in which thirty healthy overweight women aged 20–30 years were randomly divided into three equal groups, namely, ginger, ginger + HIIT, and placebo + HIIT. The training groups performed high-intensity interval exercises (i.e. 40-m maximal shuttle run) for ten consecutive weeks. The supplement groups daily took 3 g of ginger pills and the third group took placebo.Results:Paired t-test revealed a significant decrease in the density of type 1 monocytes chemo tactic protein (MCP-1) in HIIT + ginger (P = 0.026) and HIIT + placebo (P = 0.001) groups. Besides, maximum aerobic capacity in the two training groups significantly increased P = 0.002 and P = 0.000, respectively. In spite of this, analysis of variance showed no significant differences in three groups regarding the three indices such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (P = 0.093), MCP-1(P = 0.075), and serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) (P = 0.164).Conclusion:A 10-week intensive interval exercise, by itself or together with ginger supplement, improved MCP-1 and maximum oxygen consumption in overweight women, without any significant effect on soluble ICAM-1 and IL-10. These findings indicate the relative and efficient role of HIIT in overweight women without the necessity to combine with ginger as an antioxidant/anti-inflammatory supplement.

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Thirty sedentary overweight women were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10), including HIIT + green tea, HIIT + placebo and green tea. The training program included 3 sessions/week HIIT while the supplement consuming groups took 3 * 500 mg of green tea tablets/day for 10 weeks. Results indicated that 10 weeks of HIIT and green tea meaningfully pronounced baseline serum levels of SIRT1 (P ≤ 0.0001), PGC-1α (P ≤ 0.0001) and CAT (P ≤ 0.0001). In addition, significant increase was observed in three indicators in HIIT + green tea group in comparison with two other research groups. Further, the responses of SIRT1 (P ≤ 0.01) and CAT (P ≤ 0.002) increased significantly to second acute exercise in all three groups. The combination of HIIT and green tea consumption may induce increasing SIRT1 and CAT in response to acute exercise and can improve antioxidant system, body composition and VO 2 max results rather than green tea and training alone, in young sedentary overweight women.

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