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Recently, the technology of employing phase change materials (PCMs) for solar energy storage has grown more magnetic due to the focus of various latent heat storage investigations to solve the energy crisis. In this work, a novel and ecofriendly shape-stable phase change material based on a biological matrix was prepared through vacuum impregnation, which used porous carbon as a support substrate from Cyperus alternifolius (CA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the phase change medium, and silver nanoparticles attached to the matrix as the reinforcement factor. The superior porous structure of CA allows it to have a high loading rate of PEG. The multifunctionality of silver nanoparticles can increase the thermal conductivity of the bio-based shape-stable phase change material (BSPCM) up to 0.676 W/(m K), while also boosting its photo-thermal conversion efficiency to 82.7%. Furthermore, the Ag@BSPCM has an excellent melting enthalpy of 137.3 J/g, as well as outstanding thermal stability and reliability. Additionally, the great photo-to-thermal conversion efficiency of Ag@BSPCM (82.7%) and the significant anti-leakage capability bodes well for its future application. This demonstrates the prepared Ag@BSPCM proves its feasibility for thermal energy storage management and photo-thermal conversion.

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