A bstract Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has very high rates of hospital-related transmission among healthcare workers (HCWs), mandating the need for careful intensive care unit (ICU) designing, optimization of staff resources, implementation of vigorous infection control practices, environmental disinfection, meticulous sample collection, and criteria for staff quarantine. Most of the ICUs are not designed to deal with airborne viral infections and require redesigning for the safety of HCWs and patients. Infection control practices related to the prevention of spread of COVD-19 are unique and are well described. The training of staff on infection control practices reduces the infection rate among HCWs significantly. Adequate staffing not only helps in infection control but also prevents burnout of the staff. In case of infection to HCW, the staff must be assessed systematically, and institute's infection control committee should guide for isolation period as well as return to work based upon standard recommendations. This article focuses on infection control and prevention measures required in ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic. How to cite this article: Sharma J, Nasa P, Reddy KS, Kuragayala SD, Sahi S, Gopal P, et al . Infection Prevention and Control for ICU during COVID-19 Pandemic: Position Paper of the Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(Suppl 5):S280–S289.

Background and Aims:Postanesthesia shivering continues to be a major challenge in the perioperative care. We compared the efficacy of tramadol, clonidine, and dexmedetomidine in preventing postoperative shivering and its potential adverse effects in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.Material and Methods:One hundred and twenty American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were divided into four equal groups. Group 1 received clonidine 2 μg/kg, Group 2 received tramadol 1 mg/kg, Group 3 received dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg all intravenous diluted in NS to 5 ml, and Group 4 received NS intravenous 5 ml. Parameters analysed included postoperative blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, respiratory rate (RR), arterial saturation, and tympanic membrane temperature. Patients were observed for shivering episodes, sedation, pain, respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting. Analysis of variance, Tukey's post-hoc comparison, Chi-square test and Bonferroni post-hoc comparison test were performed using SPSS (Statistical analysis by Statistical Package of Social Sciences of Microsoft Windows) Statistics (version 16.0).Results:The incidence of shivering was 10, 3.3, 13.3 and 40% in Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Patients who were given tramadol had significantly less shivering than patients in clonidine and dexmedetomidine groups (P < 0.01).Conclusion:All the three drugs were effective in preventing postoperative shivering. However, tramadol has been found to be more efficacious in preventing postoperative shivering.