In this paper, a novel phase conjugation circuit and its application to retro-directive antennas are presented. The phase conjugation circuit uses a balanced circuit structure with subharmonically injection locked self-oscillating mixers oscillating at . In the operation, an input signal at 2 is converted to its conjugated signal with no external source required for LO signal pumping, and the output signal frequency is locked at the same frequency of the input signal. The developed phase conjugation circuit is implemented with active antennas to become a retrodirective antenna array. Both the theoretical and measured results of phase conjugation and retro-directive performance are shown in good agreement.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.