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High-power white-light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) comprising binderless bulk phosphors and ultraviolet (UV) LED chips as next-generation illumination sources were intensively studied. The main challenge is the effective management of different color components in each suitable crystal phase while maximizing their optical properties with near-UV excitation. In this regard, we developed glass-ceramics that contain Na5Gd9F32 and NaAlSiO4, in which the phase-selective distribution of Eu3+ and Eu2+ results in warm white-light emission with a low correlated color temperature (CCT) (< 3000 K), high color rendering index (Ra > 70), and promising thermal stability. The obtained composite exhibits broadband photoluminescence (PL) around the blue–green (NaAlSiO4:Eu2+) and red (Na5Gd9F32:Eu3+) spectral regions. Up to 573 K, the PL intensity remains above 50% of that at room temperature (RT). The internal PL quantum yield was estimated as 35%. Further, a thermal-aging test was conducted for 1000 h at 573 K, after which the sample exhibited 70.7% of the initial PL intensity at RT and showed stability in the chromaticity coordinate for a warm white range. This study, which exhibits potential for practical applications, provides a strategy for the generation of a warm white-light color with Eu2+ and Eu3+ in oxide and fluoride phases in combination with UV LEDs.

Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, which is one of the technologies against global warming, applied to the separation and capture of CO 2 gas and finally storage underground is attracting attention. There are several technologies being developed for CO 2 separation and capture, namely the chemical absorption method, physical absorption method, adsorbing separation method and membrane separation method. These are being developed to apply to postcombustion capture, oxyfuel postcombustion capture, etc. With regard to the CO 2 storage technologies, the method of injection into an aquifer is being developed as the major one, and studies on issues for actual technical application are being conducted in the form of engineering study on the assumed model area. In this report, our expectations toward actual application of the CCS technology, the trends of the CCS technology and other related matters are introduced. 

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Effects of the Panax ginseng root (PGR) on spontaneous motor activity (vertical and horizontal motor activities), and on monoamine-related substances (tyrosine, DA, DOPAC, 3-MT, HVA, NE, MHPG, tryptophan, 5-HT, and 5-HIAA) in discrete brain areas (cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, corpus striatum, limbic lobe, midbrain, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata) of ddY male mice (weighing 18-22 g) were examined using an infrared photo-cell counter and HPLC with electrochemical detection. PGR (100 mg/kg) was orally administered, twice a day, for 2 successive weeks (2W-group) or 7 successive weeks (7W-group). Vertical and horizontal motor activities increased significantly in the 7W-group but not in the 2W-group when compared to those of the control group. As to brain monoamine-related substances, the metabolism of DA and NE in the cerebral cortex and of 5-HT in the corpus striatum and cerebellum in the 2W-group were facilitated, while metabolism of DA in the corpus striatum and of 5-HT in the hypothalamus and midbrain were inhibited. In the 7W-group, except for a facilitated metabolism of 5-HT in the cerebellum, metabolism of DA, NE and 5-HT in all discrete brain areas were inhibited. These results show that PGR exerts an influence on the CNS.