Rock bursts have become one of the worst disasters in deep mines, and the safety of roadways is affected by stress waves generated when hard roofs fracture. Pictures of a mine site were collected using the Hujiahe mine as a case study. The damage characteristics of the roadway were analyzed and the damage process was reproduced using numerical simulation software. The attenuation characteristics of the strength of the shock wave as it passes from the impact shock source to the roadway are summarized. Based on the stress wave transmission mechanism and geological characteristics, a “shock wave attenuation model through rock formations“ was established to analyze the transmission characteristics of impact stress under the composite roof structure. The strength criterion and energy balance equation for roadway damage under the action of shock waves are derived. This work provides a reference for roadway support under similar conditions and can be generalized and applied elsewhere.
Rock burst is one of the most serious risks for underground coal mines, and the associated dynamic waves generally cause roof falls and large-scale shrinkage of the roadway. The roadway is often seriously damaged by duplicated rock bursts. Previous research on the propagation and attenuation of shock waves cannot explain well the failure mechanisms of the surrounding rock of the roadway under duplicated dynamic waves. To fill this research gap, this paper presents comprehensive research on the failure and fracturing process of roadways affected by repeated shock waves using field tests and numerical analysis. A numerical model as per UDEC Trigon logic was developed and calibrated using mine earthquake shock waves, during which a user-defined FISH function was adopted to document the quantity characteristics of fractures (i.e., shear-slip and tension). The damage to the roof was assessed based on the quantity of fractures. At the same time, the simulation analysed the evolution trend of the failure zone of the roadway roof and the fracture development area, which agreed well with the field tests. According to the spread and extension characteristics of fractures in the surrounding rock under repeated shock waves, new support materials and schemes were proposed and applied at the mine site. The results show that the scheme has controlled the deformation of the roadway effectively and satisfied the safety and efficiency requirements of the mine.
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