Anti-annexin1 antibodies are associated with the subtypes of cutaneous lupus and are elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. In this study, we investigated the correlation of this antibody with the incidence of SLE skin lesions. The presence of anti-annexin1-IgG and-IgM determined by Western blot was no different among healthy controls and SLE patients with and without skin lesions. Serum levels of anti-annexin1-IgG and -IgM measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were comparable between patients with and without skin lesions, whereas anti-annexin1-IgM was lower in SLE patients than in healthy controls. Annexin1 was abundantly detected in each epidermal layer in lupus lesional skin. Additionally, anti-annexin1-IgG was higher in SLE patients with arthritis and negatively correlated with white blood cells (WBC). Anti-annexin1-IgM was higher in patients with antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive sera, and was positively related to hemoglobin and total serum IgM. Collectively, anti-annexin1 antibodies are not related to the incidence of skin lesions in SLE, and annexin1 abundantly distributes in epidermis in lesional skin.
One hundred and twenty-seven eyes from 66 My cobacterium leprae inoculated armadillos were studied histologically and some ultrastructurally. Inflammatory reactions were found in the fo llowing extraocular tissues: the eyelid, including the orbicularis muscle and the third eyelid, extraocular muscles, tear gland and Harder's gland. The early and slight changes of the intraocular tissues, small amounts of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophage infiltrations were confined to the area around the anterior angle specifically within the trabeculae and the adjacent ciliary body, the root of the iris and the limbus region of the cornea. But in the cases with severe lesions the whole uvea was densely infiltrated with large, fo amy macrophages intermingled with small amounts of lymphocytes, plasma cells and frequently, neutrophils. No specific necrosis of the granulomas was seen. No explanation for the neutrophil infiltrations was given. The lesions in the cornea were significantly less severe than those in the uvea. Retinal lesions comprised of macrophage infiltrations were all obvious extensions of the adjacent uvea lesions. Acid-fast bacilla (AFB) were found within all tissues. The infection of the intraocular tissues in the armadillo eyes seemed to be mainly, if not solely, haematogenous. Although the incidence ofleprosy is declining in many parts of the world the prevalence of this disease is still considerable in many countries. The eyes of leprosy patients are 112
Summary The histological reactions in 12 eyes of 12 leprosy patients were studied (5 BT, I BB, I BL and 5 LL). Granuloma lesions composed of epithelioid cells, Langerhans giant cells, macro phages and lymphocytes were fo und in various intraocular tissues, e.g. cornea, sclera, iris, ciliary body or retina in 4 patients (I BT and 3 LL). Of the 3 LL patients, according to the records, 2 were cured and in the other patient the outcome of the treatment was not mentioned. In view of the finding of the granulomatous lesions in the clinically cured patients and tuberculoid granuloma in the intraocular tissues in the LL patients, could there be some peculiarities in the intraocular sites? Or perhaps the tuberculoid reaction is just a manifestation of an upgrading reaction? More examinations on human leprosy eye specimens will be needed to answer these questions.Leprosy patients frequently suffer eye damage-about a million leprosy patients are blind.l The lesions of the eyes are either caused directly by the Mycobacterium /eprae or its derivatives, or indirectly by the dysfunction of the sensory and motor nerves as a result of the disease. These lesions may finally lead to corneal opacity, changing of the intraocular pressure, cataract and then blindness.The clinical aspects of the effects of leprosy on the human eye have often been described in detai],3 but the pathohistological aspect of this has only rarely been documented and the cases investigated have been Iimited, 2 ,4,5,7-9 probably because it is hard to get eye specimens , Over a period of many years we gathered eye specimens from 12 Ie pros)' patients, Their pathological histology was studied and the results are presented, II Correspondence, 44 0305-75 1 8/93/064044 +09 SO 1.00 © Lepra
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