More than 200 Chinese medicinal herb extracts were screened for antiviral activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium inner salt (MTS) assay for virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE). Four of these extracts showed moderate to potent antiviral activities against SARS-CoV with 50% effective concentration (EC50) ranging from 2.4 +/- 0.2 to 88.2 +/- 7.7 microg/ml. Out of the four, Lycoris radiata was most potent. To identify the active component, L. radiata extract was subjected to further fractionation, purification, and CPE/MTS assays. This process led to the identification of a single substance lycorine as an anti-SARS-CoV component with an EC50 value of 15.7 +/- 1.2 nM. This compound has a CC50 value of 14980.0 +/- 912.0 nM in cytotoxicity assay and a selective index (SI) greater than 900. The results suggested that four herbal extracts and the compound lycorine are candidates for the development of new anti-SARS-CoV drugs in the treatment of SARS.

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The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people and caused tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is lacking, and different therapeutic strategies are under testing. Host humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection is a critical determinant for patients’ outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in seroconversion and production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The antibodies may suppress viral replication through neutralization but might also participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis through a process termed antibody-dependent enhancement. Rapid progress has been made in the research of antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients, including characterization of the clinical features of antibody responses in different populations infected by SARS-CoV-2, treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma and intravenous immunoglobin products, isolation and characterization of a large panel of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and early clinical testing, as well as clinical results from several COVID-19 vaccine candidates. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and discuss the implications of these findings in vaccine development.

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The effects of pH, different initial concentrations of uranium and adsorption time were investigated to study the properties of the sorption of uranium by fly ash. The results show that pH value is the major factor of dominating adsorption rate. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained at pH 5 and the adsorption time was 60 minutes. The increasing of initial uranium concentration resulted in the decreasing of U removal rate and the increasing of adsorption quantity, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 8.38mg/g. The adsorption behavior accorded with both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms.

The effectives of pH value, contact time，sorbent dose and different initial concentration were analyzed to study the properties of the adsorption of uranium in wastewater by clay. The results show the highest adsorption capacity was obtained around neutral pH.The amount adsorbed of uranium on clay increase rapidly with increasing initial uranium concentration, but the removal rates of uranium are declined.Clay has a good adsorption capability to uranium with 18.25mg/g of adsorption capacity. The adsorption data on clay are followed by both Langmuir and Freundlich models and the results are well described by Langmuir isotherm. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model is more appropriate for the sorption process.

Electrodes F 3000 Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li1-xVxCryFe1-xPO4/C as a Cathode Material. -The title composite materials (x = 0.01, 0.02; y = 0.01, 0.02) are synthesized by solid state reactions of Li2CO3, FeC2O4·2H2O, Cr2O, V2O5, NH4H2PO4, and glucose (700°C, 20 h). The samples are characterized by TG/DTA, SEM, XRD, and electrochemical measurements. Li0.99V0.01Cr0.02Fe0.98PO4/C exhibits a higher capacity than LiFePO4. At 0.1C discharging rate, this composite material is capable of delivering a reversible specific capacity of 163.8 mAh/g with fairly stable cycleability. -(SONG*, S. T.; MA, P. H.; LI, S. Y.; DENG, X. C.; YAN, C. Y.; Chin.

The usefulness of chlorella pyrenoidosa were investigated for the removel of U(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution. Employing monofactorial and orthogonal experiment method for evaluating the biosorption of U(Ⅵ) onto chlorella pyrenoidosa, respectively, the influence of U(Ⅵ) concentration、pH、N/P and temperature on the biosorption of U(Ⅵ) by chlorella pyrenoidosa were studied.The results showed that the pH and U(Ⅵ) concentration were significant to remove U(Ⅵ) and that the increases of pH as well as U(Ⅵ) concentration was beneficial to the U(Ⅵ) absorption. However, the U(Ⅵ) absorption was affected less by the N/P and the temperature. Confirmed through orthogonal experiment, the optimum condition composition to attenuate U(Ⅵ) was 3.4mg/L U(Ⅵ) concentration at pH 6.0 with temperature 293K,and 3/1 of N/P. It was also proved that fresh cell of 1g/L(in dry weight) was able to attenuate U(Ⅵ) in wastewater from 3.4mg/L to 0.72 mg/L after batch experiments under the optimum conditions, which indicated good prospect in its future application.