The characteristics of surface and interface of nanocomposites are favor for exerting some functional properties and widening new applications. Some low-dimensional materials generally have abundant chemical groups and reaction activities. These surface chemical groups of nanomaterials provide a large platform to develop new nanocomposites and applications by surface chemical reaction and surface reconstruction of another kind of materials. Among so many hot-fields materials, graphene and its nanocomposite are developed rapidly. The graphene oxide not only has good charge transferring property, but also has abundant chemical groups on its surface, such as, -COOH, -OH and epoxide group. Therefore, graphene oxide is a good candidate substrate for further constructing other functional materials in nanoscale. The graphene oxide and pyrene derivatives were selected as representative materials for studies. Assembly of pyrene containing –NH2 groups on the surface of graphene oxide was carried out. A series of characterizations were performed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), the FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared ) spectra, The UV-Vis (Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy), photoluminescence spectra, et al. The results indicated that the UV-Vis of nanocomposite was almost covered the whole region of visible light, and the results of PL showed strong fluorescence quenching. There was strong interaction between the graphene oxide and pyrene. The photoconductivity response to weak visible light and 808 nm laser were studied based on interdigital electrodes of Au on flexible PET(polyethylene terephthalate) film substrate with casting method. The results showed that graphene oxide modified with pyrene derivatives exhibited that the photocurrent increased obviously to visible light, and photoresponse to weak 808 nm laser emerged photo-switching behavior. It would be developed the light detector to NIR, biomimetic fields or external stimuli driven nanocarriers for biomedical fields, et al.
Due to its excellent physical properties and inert chemical reaction activity of C60, it is possible to synthesize solution-processing polymer containing C60 utilizing the inclusive characteristics of polymer chain segment, and then to prepare organic/inorganic nanocomposites with enhanced some key properties. In order to harvest the visible light of TiO2 effectively the surface modification of TiO2 nanotube with polymer containing C60 was carried out in this study. A series of characterizations were performed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, UV-Vis (Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy), XRD patterns analysis. The results showed that the UV-Vis of resulting nanocomposite was almost covered the whole region of visible light. The photoconductivity response to visible light with low-power were studied based on interdigital electrodes of Au on flexible PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film substrate with casting method. The results indicated that the photoresponses of two kinds of polymer containing C60 to weak visible light emerged photo-switching behavior, its recoverability was also rapidly, and the photoresponse of TiO2 nanotube modified with two kinds of polymer containing C60 to weak visible light also changed greatly. This illustrated that the organic-inorganic nanocomposites showed good activities to weak visible light. Photocatalytic efficiency was examined by selecting typical organic pollutants, some good results were obtained. It may develop organic-inorganic nanocomposites with external stimuli response, photocatalyst, et al.
To functionalize the smart nanocomposites, the nanocomposites of CNTs/polyaniline with pending calix [8] arene were prepared. A series of characterizations were performed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), the Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, The UV-Vis (Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy), et al. The photoconductivity response to visible light and 808 nm laser with low-power were studied based on interdigital electrodes of Au on flexible PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film substrate with casting method. The results showed that the nanocomposites of CNTs/polyaniline with pending calix [8] arene exhibited good photoresponse to visible light and weak 808 nm laser, but its recoverability was very slow, it needed several hours, and the film-forming property of nanocomposite was not very good. This may be attributed to the results of increased hydrophobicity of nanocomposite because of introducing the calix [8] arene ring. In order to increase the film-forming technology of nanocomposites, the grapheme oxide were obtained with unzipping method of carbon nanotube (CNTs) for enhancing the hydrophilcity of carbon nanomaterials. The nanocomposites of grapheme oxide/polyaniline with pending calix [8] arene were obtained with similar methods, which showed improved film-forming property. The photoresponses to weak visible light and 808 nm laser also showed the similar results. It may develop the nanocomposite with external stimuli response, and have good potential applications in sensors, organic photocatalyst, et al.
To make full use of the visible light more effectively, many studies are focuses on ZnO baesd nanocomposites. To modify the surface of ZnO with functional polymer is a very simple and effective approach. PVK (N-vinyl carbazole polymer) is one of typical organic functional materials, which is generally used as charge transfer materials for the applications of several organic electronic devices. Surface modification of ZnO nanosheets with polymer containing –COOH and N-vinyl carbazole group was performed with self-assembly process for improving the adsorption to visible light and properties of charge transfer in nanoscale. A series of characterizations were carried out by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, UV-Vis (Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy), et al. The adsorption of the nanocomposite was extended to the region of visible light. The photoconductivity response to weak visible light was studied based on interdigital electrodes of Au on flexible PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film substrate with casting method. The photocurrent of ZnO nanosheets modified with the polymer containing N-vinyl carbazole to weak visible light was changed greatly. The organic-inorganic nanocomposite showed good activities to visible light, with which it can be easily produced photo-induced charges, avoiding the recombination of charges produced by visible light. Photocatalytic efficiency was examined by selecting typical organic pollutants and some good results were obtained, showing much prospect in the fields of photocatalysts, nanoreactors, self-cleaning films, coatings, and organic pollutants treatment of environmental.
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