Lead‐based halide perovskite nanomaterials with excellent optical properties have aroused great attention in the fields of solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, lasing, X‐ray imaging, etc. However, the toxicity of lead prompts researchers to develop alternatives to cut down the usage of lead. Herein, all‐inorganic manganese‐based perovskite derivatives, CsMnCl3 nanocrystals (NCs), with uniform size and morphology have been synthesized successfully via a modified hot‐injection method. These NCs have a direct bandgap of 4.08 eV and a broadband emission centered at 660 nm. Through introducing modicum lead (1%) into the CsMnCl3 NCs, the photoluminescence intensity greatly improves, and the quantum yield (PLQY) increases from 0.7% to 21%. Furthermore, the CsMnCl3:1%Pb NCs feature high‐efficiency of X‐ray absorption and radioluminescence, which make these NCs promising candidates for X‐ray imaging.
The use of one-dimensional nano- and microstructured semiconductor and lanthanide materials is attractive for polarized-light-emission studies. Up-conversion emission from single-nanorod or anisotropic nanoparticles with a degree of polarization has also been discussed. However, microscale arrays of nanoparticles, especially well-aligned one-dimensional nanostructures as well as their up-conversion polarization characterization, have not been investigated yet. Herein, we present a novel and facile paradigm for preparing highly aligned arrays of lanthanide-doped KMnF (KMnF:Ln) perovskite nanowires, which are good candidates for polarized up-conversion emission studies. These perovskite nanowires, with a width of 10 nm and length of a few micrometers, are formed through the oriented attachment of KMnF:Ln nanocubes along the [001] direction. By the employment of KMnF:Ln nanowire gel as nanoink, a direct-writing method is developed to obtain diverse types of aligned patterns from the nanoscale to the wafer scale. Up-conversion emissions from the highly aligned nanowire arrays are polarized along the array direction with a polarization degree up to 60%. Taking advantage of microscopic nanowire arrays, these polarized up-conversion emissions should offer potential applications in light or information transportation.
Finding ways to reduce reactor volume while increasing product output for electro-organic reactions would facilitate the broader adoption of such reactions for the production of chemicals in a commercial setting. This work investigates how the use of flow with different electrode structures impacts the productivity (i.e., the rate of product generation) of a TEMPO-mediated azidooxygenation reaction. Comparison of a flow and batch process with carbon paper (CP) demonstrated a 3.8-fold-higher productivity for the flow reactor. Three custom carbon electrodes, sintered carbon paper (S-CP), carbon nanofiber (CNF), and composite carbon microfiber-nanofiber (MNC), were studied in the flow reactor to evaluate how changing the electrode structure affected productivity. Under the optimum conditions, these electrodes achieved productivities 5.4, 6.5, and 7.8 times higher than the average batch reactor, respectively. Recycling the outlet from the flow reactor with the MNC electrode back into the inlet achieved an 81% yield in 36 min, while the batch reactor obtained a 75% yield in 5 h. These findings demonstrate that the productivity of electro-organic reactions can be substantially improved through the use of novel flow-through electrodes.
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