A new species of Urticaceae, Parietaria taiwania C. L. Yeh & C. S. Leou is described and illustrated. The new species is related to P. micrantha Ledebour, but can be distinguished from it by being a perennial herb with climbing or pendulous stems, leaves that are sparsely pubescent on the adaxial side, unisexual flowers, male flowers without bracts and female flowers with a bract. This is the first record of a species of Parietaria in Taiwan.
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