The literature on the concept and measurement of poverty has significantly improved from the traditional unidimensional (income/expenditure) analysis to the multidimensional concept of poverty and well-being. Following the Multidimensional Poverty Assessment Tool (MPAT), the study explored the potential of combining counting and participatory approaches in determining levels of deprivations and well-being in an upland farming community in the Philippines. Data from a random sample of 153 farming households and analyzed following Alkire and the Foster's methodology revealed that 3 out of 4 households are multidimensionally poor. Results of the study also show that farming households' ability to generate farm-and non-farm income in addition to the high degree of exposure to idiosyncratic and covariate shocks contribute to the high multidimensional poverty index. Further, the study presents implications of these results for antipoverty policy in the rural context.
Managing and understanding the environment and its issues is not limited to one environmental discourse but to numerous discourses. It is created through histories which result in contradictions as narratives may oppose each other. This opposition is considered an important aspect of discourse. This article explores how biodiversity and sustainable development were discursively constructed by indigenous women living in an agricultural society with distinct cultural practices closely linked to rice farming and examined the outcomes arising from their construction of biodiversity and sustainable development. Seven women farmers were interviewed and conversations were transcribed, coded and analyzed through discourse analysis using Maarten Hajer's conceptual tool. Five major discourses emerged from this study: conserving biodiversity through the notion of contrasting views on farming responsibilities, conserving biodiversity through a sense of community, sustainability of government initiatives, negotiating cultural heritage and economic benefits, and articulating sustainable development.
The Ifugao farming families are partners in safeguarding the sustainable use of naturalresources through their continued conservation of the rice terraces. However, in recent years ithas been observed that many Ifugao children coming from families whose main livelihood isfarming no longer participate and involve themselves in farming activities. A number of familymembers migrate to urban places and some who have been educated totally abandon theirfarming duties and roles. The objectives of this study are: to determine the involvement offamilies in farming particularly in areas which farming has been the primary source of incomeand explore how farming families can contribute to safeguarding the sustainable use of naturalresources. Conversational method was used for this study wherein key informants andmembers of the farming families were interviewed. The data were analyzed using thematicanalysis guided by the Indigenous perspective. A number of thematic insights emerged showingthe strong involvement of the different family members in the various farming activities. Thefamily members are involved in farming through the different roles they play, the resourcesthey contribute, and the honor they bring to the family. The farming families play a major rolein safeguarding natural resources through: reviving the traditional and natural practices; andbringing back the interests among the younger generations in farming.Keywords: Ecology, Ifugao rice terraces, farming families, natural resources, indigenous people, qualitative research, Ifugao, Philippines
Managing and understanding the environment and its issues is not limited to one environmental discourse but to numerous discourses. It is created through histories which result in contradictions as narratives may oppose each other. This opposition is considered an important aspect of discourse. This article explores how biodiversity and sustainable development were discursively constructed by indigenous women living in an agricultural society with distinct cultural practices closely linked to rice farming and examined the outcomes arising from their construction of biodiversity and sustainable development. Seven women farmers were interviewed and conversations were transcribed, coded and analyzed through discourse analysis using Maarten Hajer's conceptual tool. Five major discourses emerged from this study: conserving biodiversity through the notion of contrasting views on farming responsibilities, conserving biodiversity through a sense of community, sustainability of government initiatives, negotiating cultural heritage and economic benefits, and articulating sustainable development.
Managing and understanding the environment and its issues is not limited to one environmental discourse but to numerous discourses. It is created through histories which result in contradictions as narratives may oppose each other. This opposition is considered an important aspect of discourse. This article explores how biodiversity and sustainable development were discursively constructed by indigenous women living in an agricultural society with distinct cultural practices closely linked to rice farming and examined the outcomes arising from their construction of biodiversity and sustainable development. Seven women farmers were interviewed and conversations were transcribed, coded and analyzed through discourse analysis using Maarten Hajer's conceptual tool. Five major discourses emerged from this study: conserving biodiversity through the notion of contrasting views on farming responsibilities, conserving biodiversity through a sense of community, sustainability of government initiatives, negotiating cultural heritage and economic benefits, and articulating sustainable development.
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