Network coding is an emerging technique known to improve the network performance in many aspects. In Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET), the bandwidth is considered to be one of the most important network resources. In this paper, we propose a network coding technique to improve the bandwidth utilization for non-safety applications in VANET. In a scenario where there are two sources broadcasting the data into the same area at the same time, the relay will use the network coding technique to decrease the number of rebroadcasting events and the consumption of the bandwidth, However, a fundamental problem for the relay when it receives a packet, is whether to wait for a coding opportunity and save the bandwidth or send the packet directly and reduce the delay. In order to address such tradeoff, we introduce two versions of our protocol, namely buffer size control scheme (BSCS) and time control scheme (TCS); by both versions we aim to control the delay that is experienced by the packet at each hop, while achieving better bandwidth utilization. Up to 38 % improvement in the bandwidth utilization has been recorded, and both schemes have shown a considerable amount of control on the imposed delay.
This study aims to evaluate, categorize and compare the Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) broadcasting protocols. Massive amount of VANET broadcasting protocols have been proposed in the literature. Aiming efficiency, reliability, scalability and reach-ability each of them adopts certain techniques to provide a certain level of functionality. This study distinguishes the VANET routing protocols in several categorizes according to the applications it may serve. By focusing into broadcasting protocols, the study further divides the reviewed algorithms according to the techniques they used to initiate the communication, which would be either through beaconing, handshaking, or instant broadcasting. These protocols are further classified according to the criteria that have been used to select the next forwarder. The criteria usually influenced by the targeted performance of the technique. Such criteria may include furthest node from the sender, the node with the best link quality, endanger nodes, nodes with high probability of forwarding and backbone nodes. Performance metrics that are used for quantitative evaluation are suggested.
In this work, we present an analytical study of the average delay and network throughput for packet dissemination using network coding in multihop wireless network scenario, where the generation of the packets is a stochastic process. The main challenge for the relay when it receives a packet is whether to wait for a coding opportunity and therefore reduce the network congestion or to send the packet directly without coding and reduce the packet delay. So, we propose a probabilistic approach for the relay when it receives a packet, and then we develop an analytical framework to address the trade-off between the throughput and the delay, we investigate the condition to maintain the stability of the system. We also provide the optimum transmission probability that achieves the minimum fair delay between the two sources and results in an optimum throughput.In the symmetric case (e.g. two flows with the same rate), we show that the optimum fair delay can be achieved with probability of transmission 0.5. We also show that despite of the flow data rate, using this probability in symmetric flows will result in an almost 33 per cent improvement in the bandwidth consumption and in an equal hop delay for both flows that is 0.5= where is the average flow data rate. Moreover, for asymmetric rate flows, we provide the optimum transmission probability and its corresponding fair delay and throughput improvement. We carry out simulation to verify our analytical model.
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