A washable textile-structured single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerators (TS-TENG) was successful developed. A stained TS-TENG can be easily and quickly cleaned by washing in water. When sewed on clothes, it can effectively harvest biomechanical energy from human motions.

Electronic skin (E‐skin) is an emerging and promising human‐machine interface. Besides skin‐like functions of tactile perception and stretchability, skin‐like comfortabilities, including breathability, moisture permeability, softness, and thermoregulating ability are, also crucial factors for E‐skins. Thermoregulation is one of the most important roles of human skin. People can feel comfortable when their skins are regulated at a certain range of temperature. Moreover, it is a dynamic process according to the surrounding temperature. Current E‐skins do not have the function of dynamically regulating their temperature. Here, a thermoregulating E‐skin (TE‐skin) based on liquid metal as a phase change material with its melting point in the comfortable temperature range of human skin is reported. Compared with conventional E‐skins, the TE‐skin can dynamically termoregulate according to the surrounding temperature through a phase change. Combining with the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator, the TE‐skin is also able to act as a self‐powered sensor. Based on the self‐powered TE‐skin, an intelligent dialing communications system is further developed, which can be used to call a cellphone on human skin. For the first time, this study introduces the dynamic thermoregulating concept to E‐skins and could open up new opportunities for E‐skin developments.

The rapid rise of the Internet of things (IoT) have brought the progress of electronic skin (e-skin). E-skin is used to imitate or even surpass the functions of human skin. Thermoregulating is one of the crucial functions of human skin, it is significant to develop a universal way to realize e-skin thermoregulating. Here, inspired by the sweat gland structure in human skin, we report a simple method for achieving dynamic thermoregulating, attributing to the temperature of microencapsulated paraffin remains unchanged when phase change occurs. Combining with the principle of triboelectric nanogenerator, a deep learning model is employed to recognize the output signals of handwriting different letters on ME-skin, and the recognition accuracy reaches 98.13%. Finally, real-time recognition and display of handwritings are successfully implemented by the ME-skin, which provides a general solution for thermoregulating e-skin and application direction for e-skin in the field of IoT.

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The circuit helps the sensors realize signal readout, conversion, transmission, and complex logic functions. [19][20][21] The human-machine interface (HMI) system plays the role of the application layer in the field of the IoT. [22][23][24] By presenting the sensor information to users in a simple and user-friendly interface, the HMI system enables a good user experience. [25,26] In particular, in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the use of smart electronic technology to achieve real-time and wireless interactive sensing is necessary. [27][28][29] Smart contact lenses (SCLs) have been employed for monitoring information regarding the eyes, including physical information (e.g., pressure and temperature) and chemical information (e.g., glucose, protein, and pH). [30][31][32][33][34] These physiological signals are closely related to human health. For example, excessive intraocular pressure (IOP) can induce glaucoma, [35] the abnormal temperature of the ocular surface can cause dry eye syndrome, [36] and excessive glucose in tears may predict diabetic retinopathy. [37] Non-invasive monitoring of human health by using SCLs will aid in better understanding of the physiological state of the eyes and even the body; subsequently, effective measures can be employed in a timely manner for the early prevention or treatment of certain diseases. As personal health information can be monitored in real-time by using SCLs, patients no longer need to go to the hospital or rely on large medical equipment. [38][39][40][41][42] Therefore, the development of SCL devices in view of the rapid advances in IoT technology is an important research topic.In this review, we focus on the latest progress and prospects of integrated biosensors, circuits, and HMI systems on SCLs under the background of the rapid development of the IoT technology, as shown in Figure 1. First, we discuss the integration of biosensors on SCLs for physiological information monitoring of the eyes, including IOP monitoring, corneal sensing, color signals sensing, tear pH monitoring, and glucose sensing. Next, we focus on wireless communication circuits integrated into SCLs, which have different functions, such as physiological signal sensing circuits, sensing circuits for disease treatment, and circuits for power supply. Furthermore, we summarize SCLs used in the HMI system. WhetherThe rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology endows some traditional devices with intelligent functions. Compared with traditional contact lenses used for correcting vision or beautifying the eyes, smart contact lenses (SCLs) are developed to monitor some physiological information of the eye. Sculls can be used to continuously monitor eye diseases noninvasively in real-time. As a personal electronic device, SCs can aid people in understanding their physical condition better without affecting their personal life. This review mainly discusses the development direction and problems associated with sculls from the perspective of the IoT. SCs c...