Traditional Chinese medicine plays a significant role in the treatment of various diseases and has attracted increasing attention for clinical applications. Vascular diseases affecting vasculature in the heart, cerebrovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and diabetic complications have compromised quality of life for affected individuals and increase the burden on health care services. Berberine, a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid form Rhizoma coptidis, is widely used in China as a folk medicine for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Promisingly, an increasing number of studies have identified several cellular and molecular targets for berberine, indicating its potential as an alternative therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases, as well as providing novel evidence that supports the therapeutic potential of berberine to combat vascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively and systematically describe the evidence for berberine as a therapeutic agent in vascular diseases, including its pharmacological effects, molecular mechanisms, and pharmacokinetics. According to data published so far, berberine shows remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antiautophagic activity via the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase silent information regulator 1 (SIRT-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), janus kinase 2 (JAK-2), Ca2+ channels, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Moreover, we discuss the existing limitations of berberine in the treatment of vascular diseases, and give corresponding measures. In addition, we propose some research perspectives and challenges, and provide a solid evidence base from which further studies can excavate novel effective drugs from Chinese medicine monomers.
Objective. Bevacizumab was currently available for nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSqNSCLC) patients and has been studied in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for treatment of these patients. This meta-analysis summarizes the most up-to-date evidences regarding the effects and adverse reactions of bevacizumab in the treatment of NSqNSCLC patients. Methods. The authors searched for RCTs from electronic database including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Experimental arm was defined as the bevacizumab-containing group and the control arm as the bevacizumab-free group. Data of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse reactions were synthetically extracted. A protocol for this meta-analysis has been registered on PROSPERO (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero). Results. Ten RCTs that involved a total of 3134 patients were included. The experimental group was associated with significant superior ORR (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.14, P < 0.001 ), OS (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.99, P < 0.001 ), and prolonged PFS (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.74, P < 0.001 ) compared to the control. No significant difference was observed regarding DCR (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.30, P = 0.08 ). The experimental group showed higher rate of hypertension (RR 6.91, 95% CI 4.62 to 10.35, P < 0.00001 ) and hemorrhagic events (RR 3.07, 95% CI 1.78 to 5.30, P < 0.0001 ) than the control group. The experimental group showed lower rate of anemia (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.96, P = 0.02 ) than the control group. No significant difference was observed regarding treatment-related adverse event grade 3-5 (TRAE3-5) (RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.53, P = 0.06 ), thrombocytopenia (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.33, P = 0.29 ), and neutropenia (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.40, P = 0.36 ). Conclusion. This meta-analysis showed that bevacizumab could increase ORR, OS, and prolonged PFS for treatment of NSqNSCLC patients. However, no significant improvement in DCR was observed and bevacizumab could increase the rate of hypertension and hemorrhagic events. Bevacizumab was an acceptable option for NSqNSCLC patients. This trial is registered with PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021226790.
Abstract.To solve the problem of high intensity, long time-consuming and low efficiency by on-line programming in robot for free-form surface grinding and polishing, in addition, it isn't programmed by on-line programming in robot for more complex surface. A method of robotic machining trajectory automatic generation for complex surface grinding and polishing is presented, the NonUniform Rational B-splines(NURBS) curve fitting and adaptive sampling algorithm are taken as core of the method, which could realize trajectory planning of robot with off-line programming, Finally, the result of the computer simulations show that the method is simple, effective, practical and reliable. Meanwhile, which could not only generate grinding and polishing trajectory for arbitrary complex surface, but also can improve the quality, precision and efficiency of machining.
Purpose A welding robot is a complicated system with uncertainty, time-varying, strong coupling and non-linear system. It is more complicated if it is used in an underwater environment. It is difficult to establish an accurate dynamic model for an underwater welding robot. Aiming at the tracking control of an underwater welding robot, it is difficult to achieve the control performance requirements by the classical proportional integral derivative control method to realize automatic tracking of the seam. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a novel method to deal with these issues. Design/methodology/approach To combine the advantages of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and sliding mode control (SMC) to improve the shortcomings of a single control method, a hybrid control method for an underwater welding robot trajectory tracking based on SMC_ADRC is proposed in this research work. Findings The simulation experiment of the proposed approach is carried out by Matlab/Simulink, and the welding experiment is recorded. The seam gets plumper and smoother, with better continuity and no undercut phenomenon. Originality/value The proposed approach is effective and reliable, and the system’s tracking performance is stable, which can effectively reduce chattering and improve system robustness.
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