HCMV-seropositive (IgG-positive/IgM-negative) HSCT recipients exhibited a high rate of herpesvirus infections, particularly EBV. ATG and male sex were strongly associated with an increased risk of EBV infection. GVHD prophylaxis with prednisone was found to affect both EBV and HCMV infections. Prior infection with EBV was shown to promote HHV-6 infection. Taken together, these data highlight the need for active monitoring of herpesvirus infections in patients undergoing HSCT.
Stiffening of the
extracellular matrix (ECM) is considered a typical
remolding of the microenvironment in multistep tumor progression.
However, the molecular mechanisms by which the tumor cell responds
to the ECM mechanical cues remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that
microRNA-29b (miR-29b) and its downstream signaling play critical
regulatory roles that osteosarcoma cells sense the ECM stiffness to
maintain the cancer stem cell-like ability. Polyacrylamide gels with
a stiffness of 7, 20, and 55 kPa were used to mimic the rigidity of
connective tissue, muscle tissue, and bone tissue. It was found that
the stemness properties including self-renewal ability, differentiation
potential, and drug resistance of osteosarcoma cells were strongly
enhanced with reducing substrate stiffness, whereas spreading area,
proliferation, and migration were inhibited. Moreover, miR-29 was
obviously downregulated in soft substrate-cultured osteosarcoma cells,
and the expression of stemness-related transcription factors (Sox2,
Nanog, and Oct4) and the sphere formation ability were significantly
inhibited by ectopic expression of miR-29b-5p. The soft substrate-induced
miR-29 downregulation could increase Spin 1 expression and activate
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and Stat3 signaling, which
were suppressed by the increase in miR-29b-5p. Taken together, our
results elucidated that miR-29 could be a novel mechanical sensor
which manipulates osteosarcoma cell stemness. This finding uncovers
the fact that the mechanical cue of the cancer niche could take part
in the regulation of cancer progression through operating microRNAs
and their downstream signaling.
A ligand-promoted iridium-catalyzed
transfer hydrogenation of terminal
alkynes with ethanol and its application has been developed. Highly
chemical selectivity control is achieved based on ligand regulation.
1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane was found to be critical for the
transfer hydrogenation of alkynes. The general applicability of this
procedure is highlighted by the synthesis of 30 terminal alkenes with
a good yield. In addition, we conducted drug effect studies of phenelzine
using zebrafish as the vertebrate model. Phenelzine shows a significant
effect on promoting vascular proliferation and inhibiting nerve growth.
The results of these studies have an important reference value for
promoting drug research in cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy, mania,
and psychosis.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common cause of significant morbidity and mortality in transplant recipients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We evaluated interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion by HCMV NLVspecific CD8 + T cells in HCMV-reactivated allo-HSCT recipients using an enzymelinked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay at 3 months post-transplantation. Blood samples from 47 recipients were tested for HCMV DNAemia, HCMV pp65 antigenemia, and anti-HCMV immunoglobulins (IgG/IgM) over 3 months post-transplantation. Of the 47 transplant recipients, 26 were HLA-A*02 positive and 21 were HLA-A*02 negative. The results were essentially consistent between the 47 transplant recipients and the HLA-A*02-positive recipients. HCMV DNAemia was not linearly correlated with IFN-γ spot-forming cells (SFCs) counts; IFN-γ SFCs counts did not differ significantly between the HCMV DNAemia-positive and -negative groups, whereas the HCMV-DNA virus loads were inversely correlated with the IFN-γ SFCs counts. HCMV pp65 antigenemia was not linearly correlated with IFN-γ SFCs counts; IFN-γ SFCs counts in the HCMV pp65 antigenemia-positive and -negative groups were similar. More IFN-γ SFCs counts were detected in transplant recipients with high anti-HCMV-IgG antibody titers than in those with low anti-HCMV-IgG titers pre-transplantation in the 47 recipients. Anti-HCMV-IgG antibody titers were positively linearly correlated with IFN-γ SFCs counts in HLA-A*02-positive recipients. The HCMV infection indicators used to monitor HCMV reactivation had different values in transplant recipients. The use of the IFN-γ SFCs counts measured by ELISPOT to evaluate the risk of HCMV reactivation needs further study.
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