The synthesis of a series of β-cyclodextrin modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles with hydroxyl, amino, and thiol groups was described. A comparison of their mucoadhesive properties and potential as a drug delivery system for superficial bladder cancer therapy was made. The thiol-functionalized nanoparticles exhibit significantly higher mucoadhesivity on the urothelium as compared to the hydroxyl- and amino-functionalized nanoparticles. This is attributed to the formation of disulfide bonds between the thiol-functionalized nanoparticles and cysteine-rich subdomains of mucus glycoproteins. An anticancer drug, doxorubicin, was loaded into the mesopores of the thiol-functionalized nanoparticles, and sustained drug release triggered by acidic pH was achieved. The present study demonstrates that thiol-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles are promising as a mucoadhesive and sustained drug delivery system for superficial bladder cancer therapy.
The ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 has been announced by the World Health Organization as a worldwide public health emergency. The aim of this study was to distinguish between severe and non-severe patients in early diagnosis. The results showed that the mortality of COVID-19 patients increased accompanied by age. Host factors CRP, IL-1β, hs-CRP, IL-8, and IL-6 levels in severe pneumonia patients were higher than in non-severe patients. CD3, CD8, and CD45 counts were decreased in COVID-19 patients. The results of this study suggest that the K-values of CD45 might be useful in distinguishing between severe and non-severe cases. The cut-off value for CD45 was -94.33. The K-values for CD45 in non-severe case were above the cut-off values, indicating a 100% prediction success rate for severe and non-severe cases following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results confirmed that immune system dysfunction is a potential cause of mortality following COVID-19 infection, particularly for the elderly. CD45 deficiency dysfunction the naïve and memory T lymphocytes which may affects the long-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. K-values of CD45 might be useful in distinguishing between severe and non-severe cases in the early infection. May be CD45 could increase the diagnostic sensitivity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.