Gallium-based liquid metal (LM) with intriguing high electrical conductivity and room-temperature fluidity has attracted substantial attention for its potential application in flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. However, the EMI shielding performance of the existing LM-based composites is unsatisfying due to the irreconcilable contradiction between high EMI shielding efficiency (SE) and low thickness. In addition, the research on environmentally stable EMI shielding material has become an urgent need due to the increasingly sophisticated application scenarios. Herein, we prepared a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) bridging LM layered heterostructure nanocomposite with the liquid-infused slippery surface (S-rGO/LM), which exhibits an ultrahigh X-band EMI SE of 80 dB at a mere internal thickness of 33 μm, and an extremely high value of 100 dB at an internal thickness of 67 μm. More significantly, protected by the ultrathin (2 μm) yet effective slippery surface, the S-rGO/LM film exhibits exceptional EMI shielding stability (EMI SE stays above 70 dB) after enduring various harsh conditions (harsh chemical environments, extreme operating temperatures, and severe mechanical wearing). Moreover, the S-rGO/LM film also demonstrates satisfying photothermal behavior and excellent Joule heating performance (surface temperature of 179 °C at 1.75 V, thermal response <10 s), which endows it with the capability of anti-icing/de-icing. This work proposes a way to construct an LM-based nanocomposite with reliable high-performance EMI shielding capability, which shows great potential for applications in wearable devices, defense, and aeronautics and astronautics.
Multibehavioral droplet manipulation in a precise and programmed manner is crucial for stoichiometry, biological virus detection, and intelligent lab-on-a-chip. Apart from fundamental navigation, merging, splitting, and dispensing of the droplets are required for being combined in a microfluidic chip as well. Yet, existing active manipulations including strategies from light to magnetism are arduous to use to split liquids on superwetting surfaces without mass loss and contamination, because of the high cohesion and Coanda effect. Here, we demonstrate a charge shielding mechanism (CSM) for platforms to integrate with a series of functions. In response to attachment of shielding layers from the bottom, the instantaneous and repeatable change of local potential on our platform achieves the desired loss-free manipulation of droplets, with a wide-ranging surface tension from 25.7 mN m–1 to 87.6 mN m–1, functioning as a noncontact air knife to cleave, guide, rotate, and collect reactive monomers on demand. With further refinement of the surface circuit, the droplets, just as the electron, can be programmed to be transported directionally at extremely high speeds of 100 mm s–1. This new generation of microfluidics is expected to be applied in the field of bioanalysis, chemical synthesis, and diagnostic kit.
2D porous MnIn2Se4 nanosheets have been synthesized for the first time via a simple hydrothermal method. The intrinsic property of the hitherto unexplored MnIn2Se4 for photocatalytic water splitting was clearly studied, and the H2 evolution rate reached 35 μmol g−1 h−1 in pure water.
Icing phenomenon that occurs universally in nature and industry gets a great impact on human life. Over the past decades, extensive efforts have been made for a wide range of anti‐icing/deicing surfaces, but the preparation of anti‐icing/deicing interfaces that combine stability, rapid self‐healing and excellent anti‐icing/deicing performance remains a challenge. In this study, a photothermal solid slippery surface with excellent comprehensive performance is prepared by integrating cellulose acetate film, carbon nanotubes with paraffin wax (CCP). Apart from the excellent anti‐icing and deicing properties at −17 ± 1.0 °C under 1 sun illumination, the surface can further achieve deicing at temperatures as low as −22 ± 1.0 °C under infrared light. The fabricated surface also exhibits great stability when placed in harsh conditions such as underwater or ultra‐low temperature environments for over 30 days. Even when suffering from physical damage, the prepared surface can rapidly self‐repair under 1 sun illumination or near‐infrared (NIR) illumination within 16.0 ± 1.5 s. Due to the rapid and repeatable self‐healing performance, the lubricating properties of the interface material do not deteriorate even after 50 repeated abrasing‐repairing cycles. The photothermal solid slippery surface possesses wide‐ranging applications and commercial value at high latitude and altitude regions.
Self-propulsion of droplets in a controlled and long path at a high-speed is crucial for electrochemical water oxidation, sub-millisecond organic synthesis and programable lab-on-a-chip. To date, extensive efforts have been made to achieve droplet self-propulsion by asymmetric gradient, yet, existing structural, chemical, or thermal gradient cannot last forever. It is equivalent to stating that a long gradient path also cannot sustain the high gradient density to realize the rapid droplet transport. Here, we demonstrate a circularly on/dis-charged mechanism for droplets to achieve the infinite self-propulsion with ultrahigh velocity of meters per second on a superhydrophobic film with positive and negative alternate potential. Two motion styles of the droplets on superhydrophobic films with different potential are proposed. By permutation and combination of these motion styles, droplet can overcome the trade-off between transport velocity and distance. Moreover, the droplets or even filaments can self-propel along the complicated pathways – such as roller coaster (anti-gravity transport), liquid diode, liquid logic gate as well as any patterned trajectory. Being assembled into a microfluidic chip, our strategy would be applied in the field of cell culture, chemical reaction, and diagnostic kit.
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