In this study, an anatase/rutile mixed-phase titanium dioxide (TiO2) hierarchical network deposited with Au nanoparticles (Au/TiO2 ARHN) was synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method followed by a simple calcination step. Such a unique structure was designed for improving the light harvest, charge transportation/separation, and the performance of photo-electro-chemical (PEC) cells. The properties of the as-synthesized Au/TiO2 ARHN in PEC cells were investigated by electrochemical measurements using a three-electrode system in a 1 M NaOH electrolyte. Remarkably, a 4.5-folds enhancement of the photocurrent for Au/TiO2 ARHN was observed as compared to that for TiO2 nanowire (NW), under AM1.5G solar illumination, suggesting its potential application in PEC cells. A mechanism has been proposed to explain the high photocurrent of Au/TiO2 ARHN in PEC water splitting.
A nitrogen‐doped TiO2 (N‐TiO2) nanowire film was synthesized via a one‐pot hydrothermal method using triethylamine as nitrogen source. The effect of the concentration of the triethylamine on the films was evaluated. In addition, the N‐TiO2 nanowires were characterized using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. A 3.2× enhancement of the photocurrent for N‐TiO2 (0.6) was achieved over the as‐prepared TiO2 nanowire, under AM1.5G solar illumination. This was due to nitrogen doping, which could narrow the bandgap of titania to extend the adsorption of the catalyst to the visible light region.
The paper applied the concepts of Landscape health from the literature review with integration in depth-interview, using the Fuzzy Delphi, Fuzzy Analytic Network Process to develop the River Landscape Health Assessment Indicator System (RLHAIS). The assessment indicators system includes the indicator in 3 aspects, that is, physical and chemical environment indicators, landscape change indicators, ecological environment indicators, and 14 indexes, which were then applied to the RLHAIS to analyze the current landscape health for the Dong-shan River upstream in Yilan. The result showed that the score of Dong-shan River upstream: in 2009 was 0.70881, in 2010 was 0.66235, and in 2011 was 0.68694, implying that the healthy level nearly fell onto the "Degraded" state.
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