Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare and highly aggressive tumor. However, the prognosis of UTUC is rarely predicted accurately due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. C-reactive protein (CRP) has been found to be correlated with several types of cancer. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between CRP levels and prognosis in UTUC. A computerized search was conducted through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and CBM databases to identify clinical studies that have evaluated the association between preoperative CRP levels and prognosis of UTUC. The prognostic outcomes included recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). We extracted and synthesized corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) using Review Manager 5.3 software. We identified 7 retrospective cohort studies including a total of 1,919 patients and analyzed these studies using univariate and multivariate models. Our meta-analysis results revealed that RFS and CSS were significantly different between patients with elevated CRP levels and those with low CRP levels (P<0.0001 and P<0.00001, respectively); however, that was not the case for OS (P=0.22) in the multivariate or the univariate model. The pooled HR of RFS was 2.90 (95% CI: 1.87-4.51, P<0.00001) in the univariate analysis and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.26-1.97, P<0.0001) in the multivariate analysis. The pooled HRs of CSS were 2.78 (95% CI: 1.75-4.43, P<0.0001) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.32-2.03, P<0.00001) in the univariate and multivariate analysis, respectively. However, the pooled HRs of OS were not significant in the univariate [1.24 (95% CI: 0.72-2.15, P=0.43)] or the multivariate analysis [1.24 (95% CI: 0.88-1.75, P=0.22)]. In conclusion, our meta-analysis results suggested that CRP level may be a prognostic predictor in UTUC.
Aim: To construct urothelium-specific recombinant adenovirus and investigate its inhibition in bladder cancer cell. Methods: RT-PCR analysis was used to determine expression patterns of hUPII and coxsackie adenovirus receptor on multiple cell lines. Transient transfection and luciferase detecting assay were used to detect tissue specificity of the hUPII promoter. Recombinant adenovirus Ad-UPII-E1A and Ad-UPII-Null were constructed. Restrictive enzyme digestion assay and PCR confirmed the correct construction. The adenovirus E1A protein expressed in BIU-87 was tested by Western blot after cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus. Recombinant adenovirus Ad-UPII-E1A was tested for its inhibition in bladder cancer cell line BIU-87. Results: HUPII and CAR were expressed and the hUPII promoter is highly active in bladder cancer cell line BIU-87. Using homologous recombination in bacteria technology, the hUPII promoter and E1A gene were inserted into the genome of type 5 recombinant adenovirus. The E1A protein was markedly positive in the samples of BIU-87 cells infected with recombinant adenovirus Ad-UPII-E1A. MTT assay demonstrated recombinant adenovirus Ad-UPII-E1A inhibited bladder cancer cell BIU-87 growth. Conclusion: The hUPII promoter shows high tissue specificity. Recombinant adenovirus Ad-UPII-E1A and Ad-UPII-Null were constructed and confirmed. Recombinant adenovirus Ad-UPII-E1A is effective in inhibition in bladder cancer cell line BIU-87.
The aim of this study is to explore the clinical characteristic and the diagnostic role of MG7-Ag in detecting gastric cancer (GC) through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Relevant manuscripts aiming at the application of serum MG7-Ag level in GC diagnosis were searched in PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wan Fang Data independently,which were published between January 1, 1980 and February 28, 2013. The pooled sensitivity, specificity,positive diagnostic likelihood ratio (DLR+), negative diagnostic likelihood ratio (DLR-), diagnostic odds ratio,and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic(AUC) were used to evaluate the value of serum MG7-Ag in diagnosis of GC by using the Meta-DiSc and STATA 11.0 statistical software. 410 manuscripts were retrieved, and 7 manuscripts of high quality including 652 patients were of high quality in this meta-analysis. Overall,the pooled sensitivity, specificity, DLR+, DLR-, and AUC were 0.73 (95 % CI 0.63-0.82), 0.91 (95 % CI 0.84-0.94), 8.59 (95 % CI 5.62-13.11), 0.29 (95 % CI 0.21-0.42), and 0.92 (95 % CI 0.89-0.94), respectively. MG7-Ag is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of GC.However, more studies are needed to confirm the standard criteria.
Introduction: Singapore had its first case of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 on 26 May 2009. As of 3 August 2009, 440 children with confirmed H1N1 were admitted to KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH). Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective case control study of children admitted from 26 May 2009 to 19 July 2009 with H1N1 infection. Cases and controls were first differentiated by whether they were complicated or non-complicated in nature, and subsequently analysed with regards to possible independent risk factors. Results: We analysed 143 admitted children; 48 cases and 95 controls (1 : 2 ratio). Significant comorbidity was found in 20.3% (n = 29) of patients with the majority having asthma (n = 18, 12.6 %) followed by obesity (n = 7, 4.9%). Binary logistic regression analysis showed risk factors for complicated disease were comorbidity (adjusted OR 6.0, 95% CI, 2.5 to 14.6, P < 0.0001) and age <2 years (adjusted OR 9.8, 95% CI, 2.4 to 40, P = 0.001). Age less than 5 years was not found to be a risk factor. Conclusion: In the early stages of an evolving influenza epidemic when oseltamivir stocks are low, oseltamivir treatment for influenza can be streamlined and offered to those at highest risk who are under 2 years old or have significant comorbidity to prevent complicated disease. Key words: Children, Complications, Influenza A H1N1, Risk factors
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