: As the trend towards E-teaching learning strengthens,questions remain unanswered with the effectiveness of online learning in comparison to traditional classroom learning. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of online and offline (conventional method) teaching method on student's learning achievement. This article outlines a case study of E-teaching vs traditional teaching learning of a Mathematics course to first year engineering students within their respective programmes. The results of study are analyzed using bar/pie charts. Comparison between online teaching and traditional teaching has been done for various parameters related to students' interest for online/offline teaching, interaction with students, students' comfort level, instructor's competency etc. related to teaching and learning. The findings generate insights which help to understand the benefits and shortcomings of online/offline teaching consequently helping in improved design of such courses. Keywords : Online Learning; Offline Learning; Covid-19; Learning tools; Technology.
In the present paper, a stochastic model for the system involved in the printed circuit boards(PCBs) manufacturing process is developed. The manufacturing process, based on Surface Mount Technology (SMT), is carried out in three stages viz. printing, placing and soldering through a hardware-software system. During the process, inspections, maintenances and repairs on occurrence of faults of the system are done by internal/external engineers. The internal engineers inspect the system and every manufactured PCB. The system's software faults as well as faults in the PCBs are repaired by the internal engineers whereas system's hardware faults are repaired only by the external engineers. In the model, possibilities of different kinds of faults, online PCB's repairs and arbitrary arrival time of the external engineers, are also incorporated. The expressions for various measures of system performance have been derived using Markov process and regenerative techniques. In the last, numerical computation and graphical analysis have been given for a particular case to show the effect of various parameters on the system performance and cost-benefit.
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