The lack of readily available sterilization processes for medicine and dentistry practices in the developing world is a major risk factor for the propagation of disease. Modern medical facilities in the developed world often use autoclave systems to sterilize medical instruments and equipment and process waste that could contain harmful contagions. Here, we show the use of broadband light-absorbing nanoparticles as solar photothermal heaters, which generate high-temperature steam for a standalone, efficient solar autoclave useful for sanitation of instruments or materials in resource-limited, remote locations. Sterilization was verified using a standard Geobacillus stearothermophilus-based biological indicator.nanoscience | nanoshells | plasmon | energy conversion
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Few studies have focused on the effects of change within a military graduate institution where military and academic subcultures coexist. This research focused on the 2001 organizational change at the Naval Postgraduate School. The purpose was to identify how change was approached and implemented. Our analysis revealed that this change process implemented across the organization affected the intensity of sub-cultural conflict within the organization. In the case of NPS, we found that an authoritarian military style of change negatively impacted the existing academic subculture. The pressure of a change effort that was not representative of both subcultures served to increase the intensity of conflict between the military and academic subcultures, thus jeopardizing the ability for the two to work together. This study contributes to and amplifies existing theory through the examination of organizational change in a unique military/academic environment. It is important for change agents to understand how these factors are interrelated so that the intensity of cultural conflict can be better managed.
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