Purpose Open access journals (OAJs) offer immediate, free and unrestricted online access to the scholarly literature. The purpose of this study is to trace the status and characteristics of OAJs published across the globe. Various trends that have evolved in OAJ market have been studied. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on data collected from one of the largest OA journal directory – Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The data were downloaded on 02 January 2018 and details of OAJs added to DOAJ till 31 December 2018 were harvested, codified and further analyzed in SPSS software. A Microsoft-Excel template application – MAKESENS – developed by Finnish Meteorological Institute (Finland) in 2002, was explored to perform Mann–Kendall Test and Sen’s Slope Estimates. Findings A less score of OAJs offer access to their archival content. An increasing trend is witnessed in the OAJ publishing with Elsevier, Sciendo and BioMed Central (BMC) as the top publishers. Majority of publishers are from high-income zone countries, followed by upper-middle and lower-middle zone countries. Majority of OA publishers are from the UK, Indonesia and Brazil. A lesser score of journals offer article processing charges and/or author submission charges. Majority of OAJs from high- and lower-middle-income zone countries levy submission/processing charge to authors compared to OA journals from upper-middle- and lower-income zone countries (p < 0.01). OJS stays a prioritized platform for hosting OA journal content. Portico and CLOCKSS/LOCKSS are mostly used for long-term preservation purposes. Majority of OAJs from high-income zone countries participate in digital arching initiatives compared to ones from other income zones. Majority of the journals adopt a peer review (double-blind peer review, blind peer review, peer review and open peer review) process for validation of their scholarly content. The time lag between submission and publication ranges from one to 53 weeks, with majority of OAJs having a time lag of 11-20 weeks. Creative Commons Licenses are mainly adopted by OAJs. Research limitations/implications As the study is based on the data offered by DOAJ, any gaps in the DOAJ data will also get reflected in the study. Further, there might be other OAJs also that have yet to show compliance with DOAJ standards and get indexed with it. Originality/value The study tries to showcase the current status and characteristics of OAJs.
Internet service providing industry is considered a mainstay for all types of organizations all over the world. In order to be competitive, internet service providers (ISPs) need to realize that all service quality attributes do not carry the same value in customers’ eyes. Therefore, the present study proposes a rationally appealing methodological framework for prioritizing attributes of the SERVQUAL model without restricting them to their dimensions. The responses on 22 attributes of service quality collected from 401 internet users were processed through a triangulation approach comprising three ranking methods: Relative to an Identified Distribution Integral Transformation (RIDIT), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). A correlational study of these results was also computed using Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient, which proved positive. The consistent outcomes reveal a definite set of users’ priorities for the quality attributes of internet services, and it denies the general thought that the rate of internet service providers is the primary concern of customers. The findings uniquely contribute by highlighting important facets of service quality from customers’ viewpoint. The study would benefit ISPs to empathize customers’ needs corresponding to essential attributes. In this way, they would be able to rationalize the budget for top-ranked features, and redesign operational strategies accordingly.
Introduction: Disappearance or enforced disappearance happens when a person comes in contact with an armed group (state and non-state), he is taken into custody against his/her will and his whereabouts become unknown. This phenomenon is very common in conflict situations. It has been experienced in all countries facing the conflict between security forces of the state and anti-state militants. Likewise, in Kashmir, the Armed Conflict situation from the year 1989 has resulted in many enforced disappearances. Methodology: Mixed methodology was adopted wherein both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection was used. The data for the study was collected from half-widows (N=109) hailing from District Baramulla of Kashmir valley using purposive sampling method. The psychological issues were studied using Trauma Symptom Check-List-40 and in-depth interviews were carried out with half-widows to understand their issues in depth. Results: The study revealed that all the respondents developed the psychological distress. Majority of the half-widows report anxiety, palpitations, sleep disorders, and lack of interest in everyday activities along with various psychosocial problems. Conclusion: Majority of the respondents have moderate to severe symptoms of dissociation, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances along with other psychosocial issues or problems. They face the double burden of living with the uncertainty about the fate of their husbands and the challenges which are posed to her for ensuring not only the survival of her dependents but also a life of dignity for herself.
In existing body of literature on entrepreneurship, suggests lack of a scientific measurement tool, which can be used to study the readiness for women entrepreneurship particularly in Indian context. The key intention of this research was to develop a specific measurement tool to assess the entrepreneur readiness especially among women. This research paper is based on the variables linked with entrepreneurial readiness activity extracted from the existing literature of the subject. The questionnaire was developed using four constructs identified as attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial readiness, in line with the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The operationalization of factors was done with the help of existing insightful and validated scales. In order to validate the women entrepreneurship readiness scale, a researcher controlled sampling method was employed to collect data from the female students (N=294) of the university of Kashmir. The research used Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) technique for dimensionality of scale, was further subjected to construct validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), technique factorized the entrepreneurship readiness instrument to 04 factor structures. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results also showed adequate construct validity (CR, CV and DV) for the entrepreneurship readiness construct. In conclusion, this research work used scientific approach to develop a valid instrument for the measuring entrepreneur readiness and put forward significant implications for the future research course of action.
Background: HIV/AIDS is a complex disease affecting not only an individual, but families, communities and social ties creating fragile social networks, marginalized and discriminated people. India has the world’s third largest population suffering from HIV/AIDS.Women and children are the worst sufferers,. Many continue to look at HIV positive-patient as 'deviant', ‘immoral’, socially ‘intolerable’. HIV has subdivided the already divided Indian society; it has given rise to a new minority, a new marginalized class. The social reaction to people with AIDS in India has been overwhelmingly negative.Methods: The study was conducted in Delhi during 2018-19. The organizations working for PLHA welfare were approached, which facilitated interviews/FGDs with 39 PLHA. This paper tries to explore the stigma and discrimination faced by the PLHA. at different levels of their interaction and also explore their strategies through which PLHA negotiate and navigate through their sufferings in everyday life. Results: The participants reveal that being HIV positive has made them feel different and perceive life differently. Upon diagnosis, the participants experienced psychological crisis and even had suicidal tendencies, as they could not face the judgement of people. The tendency to self-discipline was also experienced in interactions with children and other family members at home.
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