Emulsion template-guided strategy has been used to produce porous architectures with exquisite structure, tailored morphology, and exclusive features for ubiquitous applications. Notwithstanding, the practical water remediation is often marred by their transport-limited behavior and fragility. To circumvent these conundrums, we prepared hierarchically porous poly(acrylic acid)−alumina nanocomposite beads by solidifying the droplets of emulsions jointly stabilized by the organic surfactants and alumina nanoparticles. By virtue of their positive charge, the alumina nanoparticles got entrapped within the poly(acrylic acid) scaffolds that excluded the risk of secondary contamination typically observed with conventional nanocomposites. Being amenable to surface modification, the carboxyl moieties of the beaded polymer were further exploited to covalently tether branched polyethylenimine throughout the exterior and interior surface of the porous matrix via a grafting-to approach. The macropores expedite an active fluid flow and easier adsorbate transport throughout the functionalized nanocomposites whose overall higher density of positive charge over a certain pH range electrostatically attracts and effectively adsorbs the negatively charged Cr(VI) complexes and anionic congo red ions/molecules from water. This proof-of-concept synthetic approach and postsynthetic modification offer an improved mechanical robustness to these macrosized multifunctional nanocomposite beads for their easier processing, thereby paving the way for the point-of-use water purification technology development.

Abstrack: Fluorescein derivatives have attracted a great deal of attention for ubiquitous applications on account of their unique properties. Particularly, the 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) is of paramount importance in biological, analytical, and industrial fields. Mainly, DCF has been employed as a reactant in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation reactions in biological applications. It has been utilized in oxidative stress and cell spreading measurement. It has been extensively explored to analyze oxidative, respiratory burst, secretory peroxidase, and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs). It has been widely investigated for detecting/quantification of H2O2, glucose, lipid, cholesterol, other hydroperoxides, and polycationic protamine. It has been applied to differentiate dopamine from ascorbic acid. It has also shown immense potential in biolabeling, cancer imaging, and drug delivery. Several studies demonstrated the great promise of DCF as a fluorescent probe for real-time monitoring/quantification of mercury, cadmium, zinc, arsenite, acetate, fluoride, thiocyanate and azide ions and hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, ozone, sulfur dioxide and drug molecules. Furthermore, the use of DCF to manufacture dye-sensitized solar cells and Schottky barrier devices opens up avenues for its industrial applications. Apart from presenting a comprehensive account of the immense potential of DCF in the areas mentioned above, the present review also intends to provide insight into its broader future scope for myriad applications to emerge

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