BackgroundSelf-medication is a common practice among health sciences students in Saudi Arabia. It is known that inappropriate selfmedication may harm individuals due to increasing the risk of drug misuse or delaying a hospital visit by masking some symptoms. Thus, the aim of our study is to investigate and assess practices, awareness and attitudes toward analgesics self-medication among health science students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study in a form of electronic survey that was conducted among health sciences students from different universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 2016. Two hundred and seventy-two students responded to the questionnaire. The electronic questionnaire survey covered demographics, self-medication practice and the analgesics consumption, attitude and awareness about the safety of self-medication practice of analgesics.ResultsFactors associated with high prevalence of self-medication were not significant except for age (P = 0.04). Health sciences students had adequate knowledge about the safety of analgesics consumption itself and simultaneous use of analgesics with other drugs, significantly different by college; 80% for Pharmacy, 71% for Medicine, 61% for Nursing and Dentistry, and 25% for Applied Medical Sciences and pre-professional students (p = 0.037).ConclusionThe occurrence of self-medication practices is distressingly high among health sciences students. It is necessary to educate the students about the side effects and drawbacks of irresponsible selfmedication.

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a significant problem that will be discussed in this article, especially among medical students, which is negatively affecting the quality of their lives. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) has been used in this study to assess the prevalence of this issue and encourage healthy and adequate sleep to improve the academic performance of medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study targeted medical students, and interns from different universities in Saudi Arabia. The survey included socio-demographic data, The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (k10), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. The data has been collected from July to August 2021. A total of 1295 participants were included in the study. Results: On the ESS, (62.69%) of the students have a normal range of sleepiness with (10.88%) having severe sleepiness. While on the K10 test, (70.19%) have no psychological distress, and only (5.5%) of the students have very high psychological distress. A higher score on the ESS is correlated to a higher score on the K10 test. The association between level of distress and excessive daytime sleepiness is significant (P

Aims: The aim of this research is to assess the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and evaluate the risks and symptoms in children seeking orthodontic treatment in a Saudi dental center. Settings and Design: It is a cross-sectional survey-based study. Methods and Material: Pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ) was used to survey 285 children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years old who are undergoing orthodontic screening in a Saudi Dental Center. Statistical Analysis Used: PSQ scores were tested with multiple variables including gender, parents' education, academic performance using Mann-Whitney-U test. Correlation of study sample scores with age were calculated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rho). Results: In this study 136 (47.7%) of the participants were deemed to be high risk for developing SDB and 149 (52.3%) were low risk, males were significantly at higher risk compared to females ( P ≤ 0.05) . Participants with previous adenoidectomy surgery were more likely to be identified as high-risk for SDB (P-value = 0.000) as well as participants with a family history of snoring (P-value = 0.000) . Conclusions: Sleep disordered breathing was prevalent among Saudi children seeking orthodontic therapy, it is important to screen children and adolescents in dental pediatric and orthodontic clinics for SDB risk as this is a prevalent disorder among this population, early detection of SDB will improve patients' quality of life and prevent future complications associated to this disorder.

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