The geologic deposits important to this study include the sediments from land surface to a depth of about 100 feet (ft). The sediments consist mostly of unconsolidated fine to medium grained quartz sand with some clay, shell, and limestone. These unconsolidated sediments form the surficial aquifer system. Throughout most of Duval County, the water table in the surficial aquifer system is within 5 ft of land surface (Causey, 1975). Locally, the depth to water is about 10-12 ft. The surficial aquifer system is recharged primarily by rainfall.
Coastal communities in Virginia are prone to flooding, particularly during hurricanes, nor'easters, and other coastal low-pressure systems. These weather systems affect public safety, personal and public property, and valuable infrastructure, such as transportation, water and sewer, and electric-supply networks.
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