Aim: To compare and evaluate the shear bond strength of the tooth-denture base junction when three different commercially available acrylic resin base bonded to acrylic teeth with and without application of methyl methacrylate monomer on ridge lap area. Materials and methods:A three-stepped cylindrical shaped die was customized. Sixty samples were fabricated with heat cure and self-cure acrylic resin with and without monomer application. A total of 60 samples were divided into three groups and six subgroups. • Group A-Twenty samples of Trevlon-HI heat-activated acrylic resin. • Subgroup A 1 -Ten samples of acrylic teeth bonded with Trevlon-HI heat-activated acrylic resin with the application of monomer on ridge lap area. • Subgroup A 2 -Ten samples of acrylic teeth bonded with Trevlon-HI heat-activated acrylic resin without application of monomer on ridge lap area. • Group B-Twenty samples of Trevalon heat-activated acrylic resin. • Subgroup B 1 -Ten samples of acrylic teeth bonded with Trevlon heat-activated acrylic resin with the application of monomer on ridge lap area. • Subgroup B 2 -Ten samples of acrylic teeth bonded with Trevlon heat-activated acrylic resin without application of monomer on ridge lap area. • Group C-Twenty samples of Trevlon-RR self-activated acrylic resin. • Subgroup C 1 -Ten samples of acrylic teeth bonded withTrevlon-RR self-activated acrylic resin with the application of monomer on ridge lap area.• Subgroup C 2 -Ten samples of acrylic teeth bonded with Trevlon-RR self-activated acrylic resin without monomer application on ridge lap area. Results: Samples obtained from high impact heat cure acrylic resin with monomer application shows higher bond strength when tested under the universal testing machine. Conclusion:With and without monomer application on high impact polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin and Heat cured resin it was found that high impact shows better bond strength. Trevlon HI monomer shows a greater increase in strength due to the presence of cross-linking agents. Clinical significance:The incorporation of mechanical surface treatments followed by monomer application significantly influences the bonding between denture teeth and denture base resin.

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Aim:The aim of this study is to check the dimensional precision of stone models made by two different brands of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials using the monophase, one-step, and two-step putty/light-body impression techniques. Materials and methods: A metal model, having two crown preparations, was fabricated. With each technique, 40 impressions were made using two types of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials (Aquasil and Virtual). A total of 240 impressions were made with both the polyvinyl siloxane impression materials. Monophase impressions were made with a medium body using an acrylic custom tray. By simultaneous usage of putty and light-body, one-step impressions were made with a perforated metal stock tray. For two-step impressions, a 25-40 microns thick cellophane sheet spacer was used. The stone casts were obtained from the impressions of the stainless steel model. Three different dimensions (height, diameter, and inter-abutment distance) on these resultant stone casts were compared with the standard die. The accuracy of two different brands of impression materials was also compared. The results were then statistically analyzed. Results: The resultant casts obtained from the different impression techniques had significantly larger dimensions in height and diameter, but smaller dimensions were observed for the inter-abutment distance. Larger deviation in resultant casts was observed in the monophase than one-step impression technique and the least deviation was observed in the two-step impression technique. Conclusion:The two-step impression technique produced the most accurate results in terms of the resultant casts. Out of the two different brands, Aquasil produced more fare results. Clinical significance: Adequate marginal adaptation, proper fit and least distortion of the castings, and the final prosthesis can be achieved by using the adequate impression technique and impression material.

Aim:The purpose of this research is to compare peri-implant bone level in immediate and conventionally loaded implants using flap and flapless techniques. Materials and methods: Forty patients were selected and were subjected into four groups. Group A: 10 patients with immediate loading (IL) by raising the flap. Group B: 10 patients with IL without raising the flap. Group C: 10 patients with conventional loading by raising the flap. Group D: 10 patients with conventional loading without raising the flap. Results: It was observed that for most of the flapless techniques with IL cases, the bone loss settled at first thread or just below the implant collar after 6 months. Conclusion: It was seen that the crestal bone height was reduced in both flap and flapless techniques by immediate and conventional loading, respectively. On comparing the bone loss, the flapless approach by IL showed statistically significant lesser reduction as determined by radiovisiography. Clinical significance: Postoperative pain was less in the flapless technique as compared to the traditional flap technique. IL minimizes invasiveness, complexity, and also improves acceptance by patients.that further research was needed to document long-term success. 5 Moreover, the concept of immediate implant loading in other areas of the oral cavity, with poor bone quality, still required documentation.Brånemark performed the first incision in the oral vestibule and mucosa, so the incision line and suture remained separate from the location of the implant, thus, preventing the infection of the surgical area.Gradually, several studies demonstrated that a midcrestal incision gives similar results as obtained using the classical protocol. In addition, it produces less swelling and inflammation. But the crestal bone experiences bone loss after surgical procedures involving incision with flap elevation. 6 The atraumatic technique provides less crestal bone loss that could influence the final aesthetic results, and the absence of suture has made it an increasingly demanding technique. 7

The study has been done to evaluate crestal bone level using flap and flapless technique. It was seen that reduction of crestal bone height was seen in both flapless and with flap techniques. However, on comparison, less bone resorption was observed in flapless technique.

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The eye is a vital organ and an important component of facial expression. Loss of an eye has a crippling effect on the psychology of the patient. Enucleation of the eye is therefore normally followed by fabrication of an ocular prosthesis to improve esthetics. This article describes a technique of rehabilitation of a patient with missing the left eye with custom-made ocular prosthesis.