Background: The global demographic shift presents new challenges regarding health of elderly. Nutrition in elderly affects their immunity and functional ability. Most cases of malnutrition in elderly go under-reported. Hence, this study was conducted to study malnutrition in elderly using MNA score with the aim to find out the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly and study its associated factors in an urban slum in the field practice area of parent medical college.Methods: Study was conducted in 120 elderly (>60 years) study participants. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire consisting of information on lifestyle, somatic, functional, social factors and Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA)questionnaire was administered to assess the nutritional status of the elderly. Descriptive statistical measures like percentage, mean, standard deviations and inferential statistical measure like chi square were calculated.Results: Among 120 elderly study participants, 83 (69.17%) were females, 37 (30.83%) were male and their mean age was 67.21 (±6.27) years. 40 (33.33%) had malnutrition, 65 (54.17%) were at risk of malnutrition and 15 (12.5%) had satisfactory nutrition. Medication use, socio-economic status and marital status showed significant association with malnutrition in elderly.Conclusions: The high prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition in elderly necessitates appropriate preventive and corrective measures like detailed evaluation, regular follow-up and dietary interventions to be undertaken to deal with malnutrition in elderly.
Background: Life-style related risk factors are mainly implicated for increased burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) globally. In India, 21.1% total deaths in 2010 were due to CVDs. Compelling evidence shows that India stands to lose $2.17 trillion (of 2010 dollars) between 2012- 2030 due to CVDs. A study related to cardiovascular risk behaviour among medical students is essential, considering their role as future physicians and role models in public health intervention programs. There are very few studies among the budding physicians, especially in India.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 240 undergraduate MBBS medical students in a metropolitan city. Data was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of close and open ended questions. Assessment of demographic profile, medical profile, alcohol use, dietary habits, physical activity and stress (PSS-10) was done. The data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS 20 statistical software. Descriptive statistical measures like percentage, mean and standard deviations were calculated. An inferential statistical measure like Chi square was applied.Results: Out of total 9 risk factors, the prevalence of ≤3 risk factors was 56.7% and ˃3 risk factors were 43.3%. 100% medical students had unhealthy dietary habits, 90.8% had stress, 59.6% had pre-hypertension/hypertension and 43.3% had insufficient physical activity. Gender and Hostel dwellers showed significant association with >3 risk factors.Conclusions: All medical students had one or more risk factors which would lead to early onset of cardiovascular diseases in near future.
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