These findings suggest that children with language impairment may benefit from simple non-evocative, explicit referencing strategies that can be easily incorporated into the context of storybook reading during language therapy, thus providing speech-language pathologists with an additional tool for facilitating children's literacy skills.
Although few studies have examined children's use of text structure in writing, knowledge of text structure is presumed to be an important strategy underlying effective expository text generation. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of writers at two ages and three ability levels in generating textually consistent superordinate main ideas and subordinate details for three types of text structures. Analyses revealed significant main effects for grade, ability, and text type. More proficient writers seemed to possess a more generalized knowledge of text structure that they applied at both the superordinate and subordinate levels, whereas less proficient writers seemed to perform best in writing subordinate details. The findings supported the conclusion that knowledge of text structure was developmentally acquired, and that text structures varied in their saliency to young writers, although the majority of writers at both grade levels remained largely insensitive to text structure in composition.
The self has come under considerable attack in postmodern times. Amidst many deconstructions and reformulations of the self, various myths of self have lost their sustainability. This article reviews various theoretical perspectives on the self along with many postmodern challenges to the self. It is proposed that the self is a socially constructed entity which can be conceptualized from a variety of perspectives; however, not all myths of self are equal. In particular, premodern and modern myths of self are inadequate for postmodern times. Building from an existential-integrative perspective, we propose Schneider's paradoxical self as a promising myth of self for postmodern times.
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