The KPMG ''Mega Study'' (Brown JP, Silverman JD. The current and future market for veterinarians and veterinary medical services in the United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 215:161-183, 1999) and other studies (Cron WL, Slocum JV, Goodnight DB, Volk JO. Impact of management practices and business behaviors on small animal veterinarians' incomes. J Am Vet Med Assoc 217:332-338, 1999; Lewis RE. Non-technical Competencies Underlying Career Success as a Veterinarian: A New Model for Selecting and Training Veterinary Students. Minneapolis: Personnel Decisions, 2002) concur that improvement in veterinary practitioner performance is necessary. Improvement in practitioners' non-technical competencies is considered most vital. Little research exists that identifies underlying psychological factors harbored by veterinary students that inhibit ability to achieve sustained maximum professional performance. Left unaddressed, these same characteristics may lead to coping behaviors that disrupt or, in the worst cases, lead to voluntary or involuntary termination of professional careers. Several performance-related characteristics and interpersonal dynamics are investigated in this study that provide preliminary evidence for the long-term shortcomings addressed in previous veterinary practice management literature. Pedagogical recommendations for addressing these student psychological characteristics are submitted for consideration.
The purpose of this study was to analyze cognitive moral reasoning of high school student athletes and their nonathlete peers (n = 1,330). Students were evaluated with the Hahm-Beller Values Choice Inventory in the Sport Milieu. Nonathletes (NA) scored significantly higher (M = 67.75, SEM = 0.39) compared to team sport (TS) athletes (M = 62.10, SEM = 0.40). Females scored significantly higher (M = 68.78, SEM = 0.34) than males (M = 60.97, SEM = 0.38). Female NA (M = 69.54, SEM = 0.33) and female TS athletes (M = 67.50, SEM = 0.35) scored significantly different compared to male TS athletes (M = 59.21, SEM = 0.42). This study supports cognitive research data of collegiate athlete populations. Interscholastic athletes reason from a less consistent, impartial, and reflective moral reasoning than do nonathletes.
The results of this study indicate that trained cyclists with PFPS exhibit altered temporal characteristics in muscle activation patterns compared with trained cyclists without PFPS.
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