Background: Serum albumin is a vital laboratory indicator of nutrition status. Fetal weight depends upon the nutritional status of mothers. Indeed, the serum albumin status at term may help to assume the fetal weight. We do have not enough research-based data regarding this issue. The aim of this study was to estimate maternal serum albumin at term and to observe its correlation with the birth weight of babies. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was done at department of gynaecology and obstetrics, Sir Salimullah medical college and Mitford hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2020. A total of 96 mother-baby pairs were selected using purposive sampling method. Women with single full-term pregnancy based on fundal height on Naegele’s rule irrespective of any mode of delivery was included in this study. Mothers with normal albumin levels (3.6-5.2 gm/dl) were defined as group A and mothers with low albumin levels (<3.6 gm/dl) in group B. Statistical analyses of the results were obtained by using window-based computer software devised with SPSS-22. Results: In analyzing the maternal serum albumin level, we observed that majority of the participants were with normal albumin levels which were 81% and the rest 19% of patients were low albumin levels. In this study, it was observed that more than half (56.4%) of babies were male in group A and 9 (50.0%) in group B. The majority (94.9%) of babies’ birth weights were ≥2.5 kg in group A and 4 (22.0%) in group B. The difference of birth weight was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the two groups. Maternal serum albumin was significantly associated with birth weight of babies in multivariate analysis. But negatively correlated with newborn birth weight which is statistically significant. Conclusions: Maternal albumin was observed to be directly proportional to the birth weight of babies.
Background: Acute kidney injury can occur among the younger children due to different reasons. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the risk factors and primary disease responsible for acute kidney injury among younger children. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology with the collaboration of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Neonatology and Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2018 to July 2019 for a period of one year. Patients with the age group of 1 month to 17 years who were at risk of AKI, and admitted in the inpatient department of Pediatrics and allied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in both sexes were selected as study population. To detect AKI, serum creatinine was measured at 0 h (baseline), 48 h and 5th day respectively. Result: A total number of 42 patients, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The risk factors of AKI was mainly pre renal in 60% (n=9) cases, mostly due to nephrotoxic drugs followed by hypovolemia. Renal causes were in 40% (n=6) cases. Among these 50% cases due to amikacin and 50% cases due to use of radiocontrast agent. Most patients were with renal disease which was 30(58%) cases. Among them 28(93.0%) cases were nephrotic syndrome and 2(7.0%) cases were hydronephrosis. However, 7(13%) cases were cardiac disease presented with congenital heart disease who used radiocontrast agent. Conclusion: In conclusion most common risk factors of acute kidney injury among younger children is pre-renal causes which are due to nephrotoxic drugs. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 42-46
high drug loading capacity (93%). The maximum emission wavelength is at 440 nm upon excitation at 340 nm. The excitation-dependent photoluminescence properties allowed visual monitoring of the cells in blue, green and red fluorescence channels. The effective delivery and uptake of CDs into the cell's cytoplasm was observed within 2 hrs by confocal microscopy. The cell viability assay demonstrated that CD-DOX significantly reduced the viability of the Renca cells by 2-fold compared to free DOX (24% vs 50% respectively, P value=0.0167). In Hela cells, the cell viability was furthermore reduced by 10-fold with CD-DOX compared to free DOX (5.5% vs 57.5% respectively, P value=0.0001). Conclusions: We have developed Carbon Dot nanoparticles with size <5.5nm with low cytotoxicity. The carbon dots have high drug loading capacity and show better inhibition of growth in cancer cell lines compared to unbound chemotherapeutics, suggesting that these nanoparticles have therapeutic potential in renal cell carcinoma.
Background: There are several risk factors and diseases related with the acute kidney injury among neonates. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the risk factors and primary disease responsible for acute kidney injury among neonates. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2018 to July 2019 for a period of one year. Patients with the age group of less than 1 months who were at risk of AKI, and admitted in the inpatient department of Pediatrics and allied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in both sexes were selected as study population. To detect AKI, serum creatinine was measured at 0 h (baseline), 48 h and 5th day respectively. Result: A total number of 52 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Among them 10 cases were in neonatal age group. The mean age was 10.8±5.4 days with female predominance. The risk factors of AKI in neonate was only pre-renal; mostly due to hypovolemia which was 3(60.0%) cases followed by sepsis and asphyxia which were 1(20.0%) case in each. The most patients had sepsis which was 4(40.0%) cases followed by congenital heart disease which was 2(20.0%) cases; one presented with heart failure and another one had cyanotic congenital heart disease. Conclusion: In conclusion hypovolemia, sepsis and asphyxia are the most common risk factors of acute kidney injury among the neonates. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, January 2021;8(1):12-16
Background: Detection of acute kidney injury is very essential among the children. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to validate the serum cystatin C for the detection of acute kidney injury in children. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Nephrology with the collaboration of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Paediatric Neurology, Paediatric Neonatology and Microbiology and Immunology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2018 to July 2019 for a period of one year. Patients with the age group of 1 month to 17 years, who were at risk of AKI, and admitted in the inpatient department of Pediatrics and allied at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during this study period in both sexes were selected as study population. To detect AKI, serum creatinine was measured at 0 h (baseline), 48 h and 5th day respectively. Serum cystatin C were measured at 0 (baseline) and 48 h respectively for all patients. Result: A total number of 52 patients were enrolled in this study. Here the AUC was 0.93 with 95% CI (0.864 - 0.995). Serum cystatin C had sensitivity of 95% (95% CI 77.9%-099.7%) with specificity 84% (95% CI 73.7%-87.3%), PPV 79% (95% CI 64.9%-83.1%), NPV 96% (95% CI 84.2%-99.8%), accuracy 88.7% (95% CI 75.3%-92.1%), positive likelihood ratio 6.08 and negative likelihood ratio 0.06 (95% CI 2.96-7.87 and 0.003-0.300 respectively). Conclusion: In conclusion the diagnostic validity of serum cystatin C for the detection of AKI is very high among the children. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):44-48
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