The biological activity of essential oil extracted from coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae) against eggs, larvae and adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Bioassays conducted in air-tight glass chambers showed vapour toxicity and strong repellency on Wlter paper arena test towards all the stages used. Responses varied signiWcantly (P < 0.001) within insect stages, dosages and exposures. At 12.0 g/ml dosage, mortality of adults reached 95%, but for 12-, 14-and 16-days larvae, mortalities were 65, 74 and 82%, respectively. On the developmental inhibition, individuals fumigated at the larval stage conWrmed that the percentage of larvae reaching to pupal stage and pupae to adult stage, decreased signiWcantly (P < 0.001) with increasing dosage concentration. The oil fumigation yielded 100% mortality for T. castaneum larvae, pupae and adults at 0.08 g/ml dosage. The oil had fumigant activity against eggs and the toxicity progressively increased with increased exposure times and concentrations. One hundred per cent T. castaneum egg mortalities were obtained with oil fumigation at 20 g/ml and 96 h exposure period. C. sativum oil also showed highly repellent activity to the adults of T. castaneum, with overall repellency was 90% and at a dosage of 12 g/ml repellency was 100% in a Wlterpaper arena test.
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