Tissue culture studies of Celosia cristata were established from various explants and the effects of various hormones on morphogenesis of this species were examined. It was found that complete plant regeneration occurred at highest percentage on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L NAA and 1.5 mg/L BAP, with the best response showed by shoot explants. In vitro flowering was observed on MS basal medium after six weeks. The occurrence of somaclonal variation and changes in cellular behavior from in vivo and in vitro grown plants were investigated through cytological studies and image analysis. It was observed that Mitotic Index (MI), mean chromosome numbers, and mean nuclear to cell area ratio of in vitro root meristem cells were slightly higher compared to in vivo values. However, in vitro plants produced lower mean cell areas but higher nuclear areas when compared to in vivo plants. Thus, no occurrence of somaclonal variation was detected, and this was supported by morphological features of the in vitro plants.

An efficient protocol for micropropagation of Canna indica L., an economically and pharmaceutically important plant, was standardized using rhizome explants, excised from two-month-old aseptic seedlings. Complete plant regeneration was induced on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP plus 1.5 mg/L NAA, which produced the highest number of shoots (73.3 ± 0.5%) and roots (86.7 ± 0.4%) after 2 weeks. Furthermore, the optimum media for multiple shoots regeneration were recorded on MS enriched with 7.0 mg/L BAP (33.0 ± 0.5%). Plantlets obtained were transplanted to pots after two months and acclimatized in the greenhouse, with 75% survival. In addition, ultrastructural studies showed that rhizomes of in vitro grown specimens were underdeveloped compared to the in vivo specimens, possibly due to the presence of wide spaces. Meanwhile, the leaves of in vivo specimens had more open stomata compared to in vitro specimens, yet their paracytic stomata structures were similar. Hence, there were no abnormalities or major differences between in vitro regenerants and mother plants.

Polypodiaceae) consists of about 18 species, all of which are epiphytic and sometimes grow on rocks in tropical and subtropical forests. Platycerium coronarium (D. Konig ex O.F. Miill.) Desv., commonly known as staghorn fern, is an epiphyte that lives on large trees in most tropical forests of South-East Asia such as in Thailand, Myanmar, Philippines and Malaysia. The species is popular as an ornamental plant due to its uniquely shaped fronds. It is also valuable as a traditional medicinal plant to treat fever, irregular menstrual cycle and bile problems (Bidin, 1985). High demand for the limited number of species and forest destruction for development may lead to the extinction of this species (Porembski and Biedinger, 2001).Few detailed morphological studies of Platycerium coronarium have been performed and limited tissue culture studies of P. coronarium had been carried out, such as those by Kwa et al.

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