In today's knowledge-driven economy, information and communication technologies (ICTs) are major enablers in all sectors particularly in government departments. Furthermore, it is infinitely acknowledged that information is power, thus, in keeping up with the ICT evolution, the transformation to e-government has continued to be Malaysia's main agenda for economic resilience, capacity building and social capital integration. However, not all government agencies are able to offer the core e-government services to the public as cost, legacy systems and advance ICT skills are the main barriers. Therefore, agencies have to resort to outsourcing where another set of issues have to be contended with. Consequently, the objective of this paper is to provide preliminary insights on a case study of a federal agency's issues with outsourcing, specifically by assessing the feasibility of outsourcing an agency's core e-services including other aspects of backsourcing or insourcing. Also, the findings from the qualitative inquiries and analyses would provide a new framework on outsourcing issues, particularly for e-government services. The implications of this study is that online public services are crucial to a country's socio-economic development as this offsets other important agenda to catapult the country's growth and wellbeing toward Vision 2020 as well as to sustain these positive developments. Also, the ripple effect of an effective and efficient e-service delivery will certainly affect other national issues such as citizen integration, public well-being, international relations, and political stability.
In the Digital Era, being part of the digital society is no longer an option particularly for those living in the urban areas. Caught by the e-wave and the onslaught of sophisticated information and communication technologies (ICT), most urbanites are e-savvy unlike those living in rural locations, particularly the indigenous groups. Is there a need for simple, rural folks to embrace digital literacy and be e-inclusive? Hence, the objective of the study is to assess the level of literacy and computer literacy amongst the indigenous people or natives living in a rural area of Perak, Malaysia. Cross-sectional research design with purposive sampling was employed and the instrument used was a survey form. The findings revealed that 30.8% of the respondents were illiterate and only 5.2% who were computer literate thus, substantiating the myth of digital inclusion among the minorities. With the government's transformation plan to have connected citizens through broadband access, the dilemma was the motivation for this research and inherently, substantiated. Although native minorities in Perak, Malaysia formed the sample size for this study, the implications provide justification for policy analysis on socio-technological inclusion among other disadvantaged groups as culture remains strongly ingrained in their every day existence. However, with time, the new generation may revolutionize the outlook of the indigenous group towards modernity and ICT. A change champion together with a positive, political environment would retard the myth and rhetoricism in promoting e-access for social inclusion and citizen development.
This paper aims to explore the components of a firm reputation based on public information disclosure and its relationship with the stakeholder salience model. The firm reputation components are analysed using content analysis of the firm's annual report. The study collects data on the firm reputation components from 200 annual reports of Malaysian public listed companies over a period of 4 years (2016)(2017)(2018)(2019). The results of the study found that there are seven (7) components that can be used to reflect on the firm reputational aspects as disclosed in the firm's annual report. The components include performance, product and service quality, innovation, workplace, governance, citizenship/CSR, and leadership. The findings also reveal three highest components which are product and service quality, performance, and workplace, are supported by the stakeholder salience theory. Our analysis provides evidence that power, legitimacy, and urgency become crucial attributes in determining the key stakeholders of the firms (customers, employees, and shareholders) when the firms have different types of stakeholders. Operatively, our evidence can help regulators, investors and researchers to better understand firm reputational components as per information disclosed by the firms, especially for the firms operating in developing and emerging markets. Further, this study is among the earliest that provide the interrelation between firm reputational dimension and stakeholder salience.
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