Background: Several studies have shown lack of sufficient knowledge and awareness among doctors on ADR reporting. Knowledge and attitude of doctors about ADR greatly influences extent of reporting. Identifying factors affecting ADR-reporting is vital to enable Pharmacovigilance teams to implement interventions to enhance rate and quality of reporting of ADRs. Hence, this study is done to evaluate perceptions of doctors towards ADR-reporting and to determine barriers for reporting ADR.Methods: Cross sectional study conducted among doctors using a validated questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude, practice and barriers for reporting ADRs. The questionnaire captured the demographic details, knowledge (14), attitudes (7) and practice pattern (4) towards pharmacovigilance. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the response among doctors.Results: Of 157 doctors who responded to questionnaire, 90% of doctors were aware of pharmacovigilance program mainly through PVG activities by AMC and pharmacology classes. Only 47% doctors reported ADRs. The composite score on knowledge of ADR reporting and on knowledge of ADR burden was found to be moderate. 90% doctors opined ADR monitoring in hospital should be mandatory. 83% doctors opined ADR reporting by one person can make significant difference to community. One-third doctors felt there should be financial reward for ADR-reporting. In suspected cases, 57% doctors include ADR as differential diagnosis. 61% doctors said they will document ADR in patient file and 78% reports to AMC. More than one-third doctors don’t know where and how to report ADR. One-third doctors felt management of patients was more important than reporting ADR. Nearly one-fourth didn’t report fearing legal liabilities, difficulty diagnosing ADR and negative impact on doctors.Conclusions: Knowledge about ADR-reporting and attitude towards it is adequate. But, because of many barriers, actual practice of ADR-reporting is unsatisfactory. Hence, Pharmacovigilance training is essential for doctors to promote and improve ADR-reporting.
Background: Chronic constipation is a common condition that significantly impacts health care utilization, productivity, and quality of life. Laxatives are commonly used, although often insufficient in restoring normal bowel function or providing adequate relief. There remains a significant need for the development of novel agents to optimize treatment of this condition. Prucalopride, a selective, high-affinity 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor agonist, stimulates gastrointestinal and colonic motility and alleviates common symptoms of chronic constipation. Here authors are evaluating efficacy and safety study of this drug in chronic constipation patient.Methods: This is a prospective observational study where chronic constipation patient treated with prucalopride 2 mg daily once were enrolled during 6 month period. Data at one week and four weeks were observed along with adverse effects. Efficacy assessed by the number of Spontaneous Complete Bowel Movements (SCBMs) per week recorded by patient diaries. Patients were defined as responders when they had a mean of three or more SCBMs per week over the whole treatment period. The primary efficacy end point was proportion of responders after 1 week and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results: A total of 43 patients diagnosed with chronic constipation and treated with prucalopride were included in study. The proportions of patients in the present study with at least three SCBMs per week (responders) were 44.2% (19 out of 43 patients) at 1 week and 46.5% (20 out of 43 patients) at 4 weeks. Treatment was well tolerated with minimal side effects. Common adverse effects reported in our study were gastrointestinal disorders like diarrhea, nausea and abdominal pain and nervous system disorders like headache and dizziness.Conclusions: Prucalopride is effective, has a good safety profile, and is well tolerated in chronic constipation treatment.
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a microbial infection of the valves and endocardium of the heart. IE is difficult to treat and has a poor prognosis. Dentists play a major role in preventing IE in susceptible patients. In this study, we evaluate knowledge and practice of antibiotic prophylaxis for IE among dental students, interns and PGs at S. N. Dental College, Kalaburagi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done by survey using questionnaire. Questionnaire was distributed to 159 dental students, interns and PGs at S. N. Dental College, Kalaburagi. Questionnaire included questions regarding to demographic information and knowledge and practice of the participants about antibiotic prophylaxis for IE.Results: Out of 159 participants 135 provided the response, giving a response rate of 85%. Overall, average of 52.7% of the participants had a good level of knowledge regarding the cardiac conditions that require antibiotic prophylaxis. Participants also had better knowledge regarding dental procedures that require prophylaxis with an average of 75.7%. But only 37.2% prescribed correct drug, dosage and regime of antibiotic prophylaxis.Conclusions: The level of knowledge and practice about antibiotics prophylaxis of IE amongst dental students, interns and PGs at the study site was not at an acceptable level. Awareness is essential because of the cardiac risks associated with the lack of appropriate prophylaxis. Up-to-date and accurate knowledge is mandatory for all dental students, interns and PGs who see and treat patients on a daily basis. This study emphasized the need for continuous education and for formal inclusion of the guidelines in the student’s curriculum.
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