Objective: To compare the effects of propofol versus sevoflurane on the outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Methods: A total of 110 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2017 were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=55): Group A, in which anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane, and Group B, in which anesthesia was maintained with propofol. The MMSE score before and after operation, perioperative laboratory index, incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and incidence of adverse events between the two groups were compared.
Results: The MMSE score was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A after anesthesia (p<0.05). Serum levels of the brain injury markers neuron-specific enolase, S100β and matrix metalloproteinase 9 were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (p<0.05). POCD incidence at 12 hour and 24 hour after operation was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of low cardiac output and thoracotomy bleeding between two groups.
Conclusion: Compared with sevoflurane, the use of propofol during cardiac surgery with CPB can efficiently improve postoperative cognitive function without increasing the risk of adverse reactions.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.1279
How to cite this:Tang S, Huang W, Zhang K, Chen W, Xie T. Comparison of effects of propofol versus sevoflurane for patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.1279
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Background. Multiple interleukin (IL) family members were reported to be closely related to hypertension. We aimed to investigate whether IL-9 affects angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced hypertension in mice. Methods. Mice were treated with Ang II, and IL-9 expression was determined. In addition, effects of IL-9 knockout (KO) on blood pressure were observed in Ang II-infused mice. To determine whether the effects of IL-9 on blood pressure was mediated by the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, Ang II-treated mice were given S31-201. Furthermore, circulating IL-9 levels in patients with hypertension were measured. Results. Ang II treatment increased serum and aortic IL-9 expression in a dose-dependent manner; IL-9 levels were the highest in the second week and continued to remain high into the fourth week after the treatment. IL-9 KO downregulated proinflammatory cytokine expression, whereas it upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, relieved vascular dysfunction, and decreased blood pressure in Ang II-infused mice. IL-9 also reduced smooth muscle 22α (SM22α) expression and increased osteopontin (OPN) levels both in mice and in vitro. The effects of IL-9 KO on blood pressure and inflammatory response were significantly reduced by S31-201 treatment. Circulating IL-9 levels were significantly increased in patients with the hypertension group than in the control group, and elevated IL-9 levels positively correlated with both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Conclusions. IL-9 KO alleviates inflammatory response, prevents phenotypic transformation of smooth muscle, reduces vascular dysfunction, and lowers blood pressure via the STAT3 pathway in Ang II-infused mice. IL-9 might be a novel target for the treatment and prevention of clinical hypertension.
The relationship between sleep duration and chronic neck pain is poorly understood. Therefore, we explore this association by compiling data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) ranging from 2009 to 2010, including 3036 adults (age ≥ 20 years). We selected sex, gender, education level, race, marital status, alcohol status, smoking status, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, PIR(poverty-income ratio), and BMI༈Body mass index༉ as covariates. WTMEC2YR as weights for multivariate logistic regression models analysis. In the total population, the second, third, and fourth quartiles had an OR of 0.56 (95%CI: 0.38, 0.84); 0.40 (95%CI: 0.24,0.66); 0.77(95%CI: 0.32,1.83) compared with the lowest reference group of sleep duration for chronic neck pain (Ptrend=0.03). When sleep duration is less than 7.45 hours, sleep duration has a negative relationship with the incidence of chronic neck pain (P < 0.05). And the optimal sleep hours show the difference among the gender; the optimal sleep time in the female group is 6.27 hours (P < 0.001), and in the male group is 7.75 hours (P < 0.001).
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