Advanced knowledge of the permeability characteristics of transparent gels play a key role in providing a rational basis for the study of porous polymer permeability and the research on the migration behavior of superpolymer solutions. Thus, a new type of transparent gel was prepared to simulate porous media, with aim to observe and analyze the permeability characteristics of transparent gel under the conditions of our experimental design by combining a transparent soil test and simple particle image velocimetry. The experimental results showed that the permeability of the transparent gel was similar to that through actual soil. The permeability coefficients of the transparent gel under different pressure gradients varied greatly early in the experimental cycle, while changing only slightly afterward, showing an overall trend of decreasing first and then stabilizing. With the increase of the mass ratio, the permeability coefficient of the sample decreased, the distribution of the low-velocity zone of the intercepted section became wider and tended to move upward. Differences in spatial position also caused different patterns of velocity and direction. The findings presented in this paper contribute to providing a new direction for the study of porous polymer permeability and the porous migration of superpolymer solutions.
Rain is an important factor influencing the instability of ecological slopes. There is little research on the inherent quantitative influence of substrate properties on slope runoff and water infiltration to support accurate ecological slope protection design. In this paper, the influence of substrate characteristics on slope runoff and water infiltration is quantitatively analyzed by constructing large physical models with different substrate characteristics for artificial rainfall simulations. The experimental results showed that the cumulative runoff volume and slope runoff rate were positively correlated with the cement content and substrate thickness in a 4 h, 60 mm/h artificially simulated rainfall. Specifically, the cumulative runoff volume increased by 2.06% for every 1% increase in cement content, and the cumulative runoff volume increased by 3.93% for every 1 cm increase in substrate thickness. The substrate inhibited the advance of the wetting front, and at different slope locations, the transport rate of the wetting front exhibited a mid-slope > upslope. Moreover, the transport rate of the wetting front showed a non-linear relationship with time as a power function V = a·tb, with the cement content showing a linear relationship with parameters a and b, and the substrate thickness showing a non-linear relationship with parameters a and b. The cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate were negatively correlated with cement content and substrate thickness, as shown by a 2.2% decrease in cumulative infiltration for every 1% increase in cement content and a 4.73% decrease in cumulative infiltration for every 1 cm increase in substrate thickness.
A large amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) is generated during the construction of projects. In this paper, polyurethane foam adhesive (PFA) was used to improve the mechanical properties of CDW. The large-scale direct shear tests, California bearing ratio (CBR) tests and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests were carried out to study the variation regularities of mechanical properties of treated CDW during the laboratory tests. The test results show that the shear strength of CDW increases with the increase of PFA content, vertical pressure and the shear rate. However, the increase of vertical pressure on the shear strength of CDW is smaller than that of PFA, and the improvement of the shear rate is relatively small. The California bearing ratio (CBR) test also proves that PFA can effectively improve the bearing capacity of CDW and reduce the loss of CBR caused by the 4-day soaking. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) finds that polyurethane wraps multiple particles and enhances the internal connection, which results in the cohesion between the particles being greatly increased. The study presented in this paper will better assess the shear resistance of improved CDW with PFA as a substitute for pavement base materials in practical engineering applications.
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