A combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) is constructed in this work for the fault diagnosis and post-accident prediction for Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCAs) in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). The advantages of ConvLSTM, such as effective feature determination and extraction, are applied to the classification of LOCA cases. The prediction accuracy is enhanced via the collaborative work of CNN and LSTM. Such a hybrid model is proved to be functional, accurate, and adaptive, offering quick accident judgment and a reliable decision basis for the emergency response purpose. It then allows NPPs to have an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based solution for fault diagnosis and post-accident prediction.
Post-LOCA prediction is of safety significance to NPP, but requires a processing coverage of non-linearity, both short and long-term memory, and multiple system parameters. To enable an ability promotion of previous LOCA prediction models, a new gate function called zigmoid is introduced and embedded to the traditional long short-term memory (LSTM) model. The newly constructed zigmoid-based LSTM (zLSTM) amplifies the gradient at the far end of the time series, which enhances the long-term memory without weakening the short-term one. Multiple system parameters are integrated into a 12-dimension input vector to the zLSTM for a comprehensive consideration based on which the LOCA prediction can be accurately generated. Experimental results show both accuracy evaluations and LOCA progression produced by the proposed zLSTM, and two baseline methods demonstrating the superiority of applying zLSTM to LCOA predictions.
Cross-chain interoperability can expand the ability of data interaction and value circulation between different blockchains, especially the value interaction and information sharing between industry consortium blockchains. However, some current public blockchain cross-chain technologies or data migration schemes between consortium blockchains need help to meet the consortium blockchain requirements for efficient two-way data interaction. The critical issue to solve in cross-chain technology is improving the efficiency of cross-chain exchange while ensuring the security of data transmission outside the consortium blockchain. In this article, we design a cross-chain architecture based on blockchain oracle technology. Then, we propose a bidirectional information cross-chain interaction approach (CCIO) based on the former architecture, we novelly improve three traditional blockchain oracle patterns, and we combine a mixture of symmetric and asymmetric keys to encrypt private information to ensure cross-chain data security. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CCIO approach can achieve efficient and secure two-way cross-chain data interactions and better meet the application needs of large-scale consortium blockchains.
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