The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the economic conditions in Indonesia, Philippines and Singapore after COVID-19. Through a literature study, this article looks at economic conditions and the forms of policies taken by Indonesia, Philippines, and Singapore in response to the threat of economic recession. These three countries were taken as the focus of the study considering that the most COVID-19 cases in the Southeast Asia are in these three countries. The result of this research shows that COVID-19 case has had a significant impact on every country. Many sectors are affected by this case. The policies made to prevent the spread of pandemic such as lockdowns and restrictions on the mobility of people have had a significant impact on the economic sector. The decline in economic activity has had an impact on reducing the distribution of income, decreasing domestic consumption and increasing unemployment. If these problems occur in the long term, chances are economic recession will come to these countries. In an economic recession, countries will usually take the form of fiscal and monetary policies to recover the economy or prevent a deeper recession. The conclusion of this research is the threat of an economic recession during the COVID-19 pandemic has become very complex because one country must face a health crisis that has a domino effect on other sectors. Therefore, economic recovery during the COVID-19 needs to pay attention toward the spread of the virus reduction so that the ongoing crisis, both in the economic and health sectors, does not become more severe. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran terhadap kondisi ekonomi yang dialami oleh beberapa negara seperti Indonesia, Filipina, dan Singapura akibat dari COVID-19. Melalui metode studi literatur, artikel ini melihat kondisi ekonomi serta bentuk kebijakan yang diambil oleh Indonesia, Filipina, dan Singapura dalam menyikapi ancaman resesi ekonomi. Tiga negara ini diambil sebagi fokus studi mengingat kasus COVID-19 terbanyak di kawasan Asia Tenggara terdapat di tiga negara ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kasus COVID-19 memberikan dampak yang cukup signifikan bagi setiap negara. Banyak sektor yang terdampak dari adanya kasus ini. Kebijakan untuk memotong rantai perluasan dari Pandemi ini melalui karantina wilayah maupun pembatasan mobilitas orang memberikan dampak yang cukup besar di sektor ekonomi. Penurunan aktivitas ekonomi telah memberikan dampak bagi penurunan distribusi pendapatan, penurunan konsumsi domestik sampai dengan peningkatan pengangguran. Masalah-masalah ini apabila terjadi dalam jangka panjang dikhawatirkan akan menimbulkan ancaman resesi ekonomi bagi satu negara. Pada resesi ekonomi, negara biasanya akan mengambil bentuk kebijakan fiskal maupun moneter untuk melakukan pemulihan ekonomi ataupun mencegah terjadinya resesi yang lebih dalam. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ancaman resesi ekonomi pada masa COVID-19 menjadi sangat kompleks dikarenakan satu negara dihadapkan pada masalah krisis kesehatan yang memberikan efek domino bagi sektor lainnya.Oleh karena itu, pemulihan ekonomi pada masa COVID-19 perlu memperhatikan upaya pengurangan perluasan virus sehingga krisis berkelanjutan baik dalam bidang ekonomi maupun kesehatan tidak terjadi lebih luas. Kata Kunci :COVID-19, Resesi, Ekonomi, Kebijakan, Indonesia, Filipina, Singapura
Various environmental problems that have occurred lately are more or less caused by the problem of garbage and waste from various activities of living things, especially humans. Therefore, good waste management is one of the solutions to current environmental problems. One of the main problems faced by partners is plastic waste management. Based on a preliminary field study conducted by the team, it was found that until now there had been no waste management activities carried out by the residents of Baros Village, both plastic waste management related to waste banks and plastic waste sorting. In this regard, one of the innovative solutions for plastic waste management is to apply the circular economy principle by sorting plastic waste and then managing and developing it to create a circular economy, which is recycling plastic waste into a product of economic value, so that can help people's economic life. In this case, through a circular economy approach, karang taruna gets socialization of a circular economy as a foundation in managing plastic waste. The activity began with coordination with officials in Baros Village and the board of the Setia Youth Organization, pretest, counseling, and continued with a posttest. The implementation of outreach activities is carried out online and only involves the karang taruna administrators due to the COVID-19 pandemic condition. From the results of the activities carried out, members of the karang taruna understand the importance of managing plastic waste to make it a commodity with economic value. Abstrak Berbagai permasalahan lingkungan yang terjadi belakangan ini sedikit banyak disebabkan oleh masalah sampah dan limbah dari berbagai aktivitas makhluk hidup, khususnya manusia. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan sampah yang baik merupakan salah satu solusi dari permasalahan lingkungan saat ini. Salah satu kendala utama yang dihadapi mitra adalah pengelolaan sampah plastik. Berdasarkan studi lapangan pendahuluan yang dilakukan oleh tim, diketahui hingga saat ini belum ada kegiatan pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan oleh warga Desa Baros, baik pengelolaan sampah plastik terkait bank sampah maupun pemilahan sampah plastik. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, salah satu solusi inovatif dalam pengelolaan sampah plastik adalah dengan menerapkan prinsip ekonomi sirkular dengan memilah sampah plastik kemudian mengelola dan mengembangkannya untuk menciptakan ekonomi sirkular, yaitu mendaur ulang sampah plastik menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis, sehingga dapat membantu kehidupan ekonomi masyarakat. Dalam hal ini melalui pendekatan ekonomi sirkuler, karang taruna mendapatkan sosialisasi ekonomi sirkuler sebagai landasan dalam pengelolaan sampah plastik. Kegiatan diawali dengan koordinasi dengan aparat di Desa Baros dan pengurus Karang Taruna Setia, pre test, penyuluhan, dan dilanjutkan dengan post test. Pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan secara online dan hanya melibatkan pengurus karang taruna karena kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Dari hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan, anggota karang taruna memahami pentingnya pengelolaan sampah plastik untuk dijadikan komoditas yang bernilai ekonomis. Kata Kunci: ekonomi sirkular; sampah plastik; komoditas; karang taruna
How can the presence of industrial parks affect the welfare of the people in the districts/city within which they operate? While studies about the socio-political and economic consequences of industrial parks abound in the academic world, industrial parks are still understudied in Indonesia. the paper is a preliminary observation on the relationship between the presence of industrial parks and the welfare conditions of the people in the districts. Using two measures of welfare, human development index and household spending, we find that the presence of industrial parks has some positive effects on these two measures. The two models of the bivariate relationships show that the relationships are statistically significant. Nevertheless, the study still suffers from some weaknesses that future studies can improve.
The use of social media is increasing in society. This increase is motivated by the need for social interaction and other activities that require effective and fast paced delivery. Social media is also used to support business needs in integrated marketing. The economic benefits of social media are important to understand so that people can optimally use social media to create economic opportunities. Other than the positive impact, social media can also have negative impacts. In this regard, social media has become an interesting topic in community service activities at the Youth Organizations in Panyirapan Village, Serang Regency. Although Karang Taruna members have used social media a lot, they still have not understood the positive and negative impacts of social media in detail. Therefore, introducing social media to this community is important to provide an understanding of the positive and negative impacts of social media and the economic opportunities of social media. This includes initial coordination, the formation of a Whatsapp group to facilitate communication between the team and participants, pretest, counseling, and observation. The community were taught about the definition, form, impact, and economic opportunities of social media. The outreach activities ran smoothly, and the participants were interested in the business opportunities that could be obtained from the use of social media. The participants were also interested in knowing more about strategies in using social media to create further economic opportunities. From the results of the activity, our team thinks that public understanding regarding the use and utilization of social media is still at the basic stage. Abstrak Penggunaan media sosial semakin meningkat di masyarakat. Peningkatan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan akan interaksi sosial serta kegiatan lain yang membutuhkan kecepatan maupun efesiensi. Media sosial juga digunakan untuk menunjang kebutuhan usaha dalam pemasaran terpadu. Manfaat ekonomi dari media sosial menjadi penting untuk dipahami sehingga masyarakat dapat secara optimal menggunakan media sosial untuk menciptakan peluang ekonomi. Di samping dampak positif ternyata media sosial juga dapat memberikan dampak negatif. Terkait dengan hal ini, media sosial menjadi topik menarik dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di Karang Taruna Desa Panyirapan, Kabupaten Serang. Meskipun para anggota Karang Taruna sudah banyak menggunakan media sosial tetapi belum memahami dampak positif maupun dampak negatif dari media sosial secara detail. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian masyarakat terkait pengenalan media sosial menjadi penting untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang dampak positif dan negatif media sosial serta peluang ekonomi dari media sosial. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan meliputi koordinasi awal, pembentukan grup Whatsapp untuk mempermudah komunikasi antara tim dengan peserta, pretest, penyuluhan serta observasi. Penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan dimulai dari definisi, bentuk, dampak serta peluang ekonomi dari media sosial. Kegiatan penyuluhan berjalan lancar dan para peserta tertarik dengan peluang bisnis yang bisa didapatkan dari penggunaan media sosial. Para peserta kegiatan juga tertarik untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang strategi pemanfaatan media sosial dalam menciptakan peluang ekonomi lebih lanjut. Dari hasil kegiatan, tim pengabdi berpendapat bahwa pemahaman masyarakat terkait penggunaan dan pemanfaatan media sosial masih ada dalam tahap dasar. Kata Kunci: media sosial; dampak; manfaat; ekonomi; karang taruna
This article assesses the relationship between democracy and welfare policy. There are substantial variations in the empirical evidence regarding the relationship between these two variables. While some works showed that there is a systematic relationship between democracy and welfare policy, others failed to show that relationship. We argue that we need to look at the internal political variables within these democracies in order to see what factors within those polities that can lead to a more welfare-oriented policy. We further argue that democracies with parliamentary system and proportional representation are more likely to adopt welfare-oriented policy. Using panel data of 32 democracies from 1961 to 2015, we find some empirical supports for our argument.
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